Europium

Summary

Europium is a chemical element with the symbol Eu and atomic number 63. Europium is a silvery-white metal of the lanthanide series that reacts readily with air to form a dark oxide coating. It is the most chemically reactive, least dense, and softest of the lanthanide elements. It is soft enough to be cut with a knife. Europium was isolated in 1901 and named after the continent of Europe. Europium usually assumes the oxidation state +3, like other members of the lanthanide series, but compounds having oxidation state +2 are also common. All europium compounds with oxidation state +2 are slightly reducing. Europium has no significant biological role and is relatively non-toxic compared to other heavy metals. Most applications of europium exploit the phosphorescence of europium compounds. Europium is one of the rarest of the rare-earth elements on Earth. Characteristics Physical properties Europium is a ductile metal with a hardness similar to that of lead. It cryst

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Exploring the potential of europium(III) luminescence for the detection of phase transitions in ionic liquid crystals

Jean-Claude Bünzli, Anne-Sophie Chauvin, Frédéric Gumy, Joël Kocher

The ionic liquid crystal [C12-mim]Cl has been doped with 5 mol% europium nitrate and the photophysical properties of both the ionic liquid and the trivalent europium ion have been monitored with respect to temperature in the range of 248 to +120 uC. The relative transition probabilities to the various ligand-field sub-levels are sensitive to the phase transitions, but the other photophysical parameters, lifetimes and overall intensities of the transitions to Eu(7F2) and Eu(7F4), display monotonous variation with temperature.

2007

Change of Luminescence Properties of Europium Ions Captured by Mixed-Ligand Silver Nanoparticles

Eun Seon Cho, Elif Ertem Bekdemir, Francesco Stellacci

We present herein silver nanoparticles about 4 nm in diameter coated with a binary mixture of 1-octanethiol and 2-(2-{2-[(6-mercaptohexyl)oxy]ethoxy}ethoxy)ethanol. These particles show an affinity towards optically active Eu3+ ions. The effect of the nanoparticle on the characteristic emission peaks of Eu3+ is investigated. We use the variation in emission spectra of the ion to establish its binding to the nanoparticles.

Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh2014

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Homoleptic mononuclear nine-coordinate lanthanum(III) and europium(III) tris-complexes [Ln(N^N^O)3]·nH2O with two tridentate N-benzyl-benzimidazole pyridine-2-carboxylates exhibit a rare C3-symmetry of the lanthanide coordination polyhedron in the solid state, as confirmed by luminescence spectroscopy and by X-ray crystallography (the three N^N^O ligands are arranged "up-up-up" around the lanthanide ion). The symmetry, however, is changed to the more-common C1 upon dissolution of the complexes in dichloromethane, as revealed by luminescence spectroscopy (the three ligands are arranged "up-up-down"). The new europium complexes emit efficient ligand-sensitized metal-centered luminescence with excited-state lifetimes of 1.56-2.18 ms and quantum yields of 25-41% in the solid and in the solution. The change of the symmetry from (a higher) C3 to (a lower) C1 alters the luminescence spectrum, shortens the radiative lifetime, and increases the luminescence efficiency of the europium complexes

Amer Chemical Soc2015