Entropy

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Physics
Thermodynamics
Statistical mechanics

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Adaptive variational low-rank dynamics for open quantum systems

Vincenzo Savona, Luca Gravina

We introduce a model-independent method for the efficient simulation of low-entropy systems, whose dynamics can be accurately described with a limited number of states. Our method leverages the time-dependent variational principle to efficiently integrate ...

Amer Physical Soc2024

Fluctuations of entropy production of a run-and-tumble particle

Daniel Maria Busiello, Amos Maritan, Deepak Gupta

Out-of-equilibrium systems continuously generate entropy, with its rate of production being a fingerprint of nonequilibrium conditions. In small-scale dissipative systems subject to thermal noise, fluctuations of entropy production are significant. Hithert ...

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2023

Pressure-freezing of dodecane: exploring the crystal structures, formation kinetics and phase diagrams for colossal barocaloric effects in n-alkanes

Tomasz Poreba

Barocaloric (BC) materials provide cheaper and more energy efficient alternatives to traditional refrigerants. Some liquid alkanes were recently shown to exhibit a colossal BC effect, matching the entropy changes in commercial vapour-liquid refrigerants. D ...

Royal Soc Chemistry2023

A 3.3-Gb/s SPAD-Based Quantum Random Number Generator

Edoardo Charbon, Pouyan Keshavarzian, Francesco Gramuglia, Mario Stipcevic

Quantum random number generators (QRNGs) are a burgeoning technology used for a variety of applications, including modern security and encryption systems. Typical methods exploit an entropy source combined with an extraction or bit generation circuit in or ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2023

Fast and Durable Lithium Storage Enabled by Tuning Entropy in Wadsley-Roth Phase Titanium Niobium Oxides

Kangning Zhao, Yuehui Li, Liping Zhong, Rui Xia

Wadsley-Roth phase titanium niobium oxides have received considerable interest as anodes for lithium ion batteries. However, the volume expansion and sluggish ion/electron transport kinetics retard its application in grid scale. Here, fast and durable lith ...

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH2023

Shafranov shift correction to the Furth-Yoshikawa scaling of tokamak adiabatic compression

Olivier Sauter

In 1970, Furth and Yoshikawa (1970 Phys. Fluids 13 2593-6) introduced the scalings of adiabatic plasma compression. Basically, if the shape of the external plasma boundary and the aspect ratio are preserved during the compression, then the density, kinetic ...

2023

Motor-Unit Ordering of Blindly-Separated Surface-EMG Signals for Gesture Recognition

Pasquale Davide Schiavone, Elisa Donati

Hand gestures are one of the most natural and expressive way for humans to convey information, and thus hand gesture recognition has become a research hotspot in the human-machine interface (HMI) field. In particular, biological signals such as surface ele ...

SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG2023

Differential Entropy of the Conditional Expectation Under Additive Gaussian Noise

Michael Christoph Gastpar, Alper Köse, Ahmet Arda Atalik

The conditional mean is a fundamental and important quantity whose applications include the theories of estimation and rate-distortion. It is also notoriously difficult to work with. This paper establishes novel bounds on the differential entropy of the co ...

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC2022

Emergent thermophoretic behavior in chemical reaction systems

Paolo De Los Rios, Shiling Liang, Daniel Maria Busiello

Exposing a solution to a temperature gradient can lead to the accumulation of particles on either the cold or warm side. This phenomenon is known as thermophoresis, and its microscopic origin is still debated. Here, we show that thermophoresis can be obser ...

IOP Publishing Ltd2022

Molten globule-like transition state of protein barnase measured with calorimetric force spectroscopy

Sebastian James Davis

Understanding how proteins fold into their native structure is a fundamental problem in biophysics, crucial for protein design. It has been hypothesized that the formation of a molten globule intermediate precedes folding to the native conformation of glob ...

National Academy of Sciences2022

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