Introduces simple linear regression, properties of residuals, variance decomposition, and the coefficient of determination in the context of Okun's law.
Covers ANOVA method, focusing on partitioning total sum of squares into treatment and error components, mean square calculations, Fisher statistic, and F-distribution.
Explores polynomial optimization, emphasizing SOS and nonnegative polynomials, including the representation of polynomials as quadratic functions of monomials.