Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram, Existence

Description

This lecture introduces the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) in traffic flow modeling, covering its existence, physical properties, and dynamic modeling. The instructor explains the need for a network-level approach due to the complexity of human choices and driving behavior. The lecture delves into the three regimes of the Fundamental Diagram for a link, the theory's generalization to networks, and simulation evidence supporting the MFD's existence. Real-world experiments and data fusion techniques using taxi and detector data are also discussed, highlighting the MFD's independence of Origin-Destination tables.

In MOOCs (2)

Instructors (2)

Official source

https://mediaspace.epfl.ch/media/0_2b6xe7a1

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Related concepts (65)

Traffic flow

In mathematics and transportation engineering, traffic flow is the study of interactions between travellers (including pedestrians, cyclists, drivers, and their vehicles) and infrastructure (including highways, signage, and traffic control devices), with the aim of understanding and developing an optimal transport network with efficient movement of traffic and minimal traffic congestion problems.

Microscopic traffic flow model

Microscopic traffic flow models are a class of scientific models of vehicular traffic dynamics. In contrast, to macroscopic models, microscopic traffic flow models simulate single vehicle-driver units, so the dynamic variables of the models represent microscopic properties like the position and velocity of single vehicles. Also known as time-continuous models, all car-following models have in common that they are defined by ordinary differential equations describing the complete dynamics of the vehicles' positions and velocities .

Three-phase traffic theory

Three-phase traffic theory is a theory of traffic flow developed by Boris Kerner between 1996 and 2002. It focuses mainly on the explanation of the physics of traffic breakdown and resulting congested traffic on highways. Kerner describes three phases of traffic, while the classical theories based on the fundamental diagram of traffic flow have two phases: free flow and congested traffic.

École polytechnique

École polytechnique, also known as Polytechnique or l'X liks, is a grande école located in Palaiseau, France. It specializes in science and engineering and is a founding member of the Polytechnic Institute of Paris. The school was founded in 1794 by mathematician Gaspard Monge during the French Revolution and was militarized under Napoleon I in 1804. It is still supervised by the French Ministry of Armed Forces. Originally located in the Latin Quarter in central Paris, the institution moved to Palaiseau in 1976, in the Paris-Saclay technology cluster.

Grande école

A grande école (ɡʁɑ̃d ekɔl; great school) is a specialized top level educational institution in France. Grandes écoles are part of an alternative educational system that operates alongside the mainstream French public university system and are dedicated to teaching, research and professional training in single academic fields such as engineering, architecture, business administration, academic research, or public policy and administration.