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This lecture covers the concepts of surface states and nanostructures, discussing the impact of surface properties on charge transport in semiconductors, including the Drude model, band bending, and carrier concentration. It also explores factors affecting mobility such as phonons, crystal defects, and dopants, with a focus on GaAs. The instructor presents the Matthiesen rule, ionized impurities, and their influence on electron mobility. Additionally, the lecture delves into the relationship between mobility and temperature, highlighting the importance of understanding and improving mobility for semiconductor devices.