Parameterization of Atmospheric Processes

This lecture covers the parameterization of atmospheric processes, focusing on the numerical modeling of the atmosphere. It explains the need for parameterization due to processes that are too small, complex, or not well understood to be resolved by equations. Topics include microphysics, turbulence, radiation, convection, and surface processes. Various parameterization schemes and methods are discussed, such as bulk and two-moment schemes for microphysics, turbulence closure schemes, and radiation parameterization. The lecture also delves into ensemble methods, which aim to quantify uncertainties in numerical atmospheric models by generating an ensemble of outputs. Examples of convective and surface process parameterizations are provided, highlighting the importance of accurately representing energy, water, and carbon fluxes between the land/ocean surface and the atmosphere.