Electrical Metrology: Noise Reduction Techniques

This lecture covers electrical metrology focusing on noise reduction techniques. It explains the properties of charge, current, and voltage, different types of noise sources, and methods for noise reduction using low-pass and high-pass filtering. The lecture also delves into the concept of signal averaging to increase the signal-to-noise ratio and discusses the working principles of analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and their non-idealities. Furthermore, it explores time-to-digital converters (TDCs) and their applications in time-resolved imaging, such as 3D imaging and molecular imaging.