Number Theory: Prime Numbers and Modular Arithmetic

Introduces deterministic approaches to identify prime numbers and covers algorithms and modular arithmetic for prime number testing.

Covers examples of modular exponentiation, complexities, Lame's Theorem, Collatz Conjecture, and prime numbers.

Covers number theory, division, remainder, congruence, prime numbers, integer representation, and the Euclidean algorithm.

Covers prime numbers, primality testing algorithms, modular arithmetic, and efficient exponentiation methods.

Explores Fermat's Little Theorem, its extensions, primality testing algorithms, and the significance of prime numbers in cryptography.