Kepler's Laws and Orbital Mechanics

This lecture covers Kepler's laws, established in the 17th century, describing the motion of planets in elliptical orbits around the Sun. It explains the relationship between orbital period and semi-major axis, the energy of orbital motion, flight path angles, and the concept of true anomaly. Additionally, it delves into the principles of orbital maneuvers, Hohmann transfers, and orbital parameters like inclination and longitude of ascending node. The lecture also explores geosynchronous and geostationary orbits, Sun-synchronous orbits, Lagrange points, and the restricted three-body problem in celestial mechanics.