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This lecture covers the taxonomy of RNA viruses, focusing on different families such as Reoviridae, Togaviridae, Coronaviridae, and more. It explains the entry routes for viruses, the structure and replication of Orthomyxoviridae (influenza virus), and the pathogenesis of Paramyxoviridae (measles virus). The segmentation of the genome in influenza viruses is discussed, highlighting the potential for pandemics due to genetic variations. The lecture also delves into the pathogenesis of Influenza A, the impact of flu epidemics, and the susceptibility to bacterial superinfection. Additionally, it explores the characteristics and pathogenesis of Paramyxoviridae, including measles and mumps viruses.