Chemical Equilibria and Reactivity

This lecture covers the titration of weak acids by strong bases, including the pH curves and equivalence points. It also discusses the titration of strong bases by strong acids, highlighting the differences in pH behavior. Furthermore, it explores the titration of polyprotic acids, using the example of carbonic acid, and analyzes the distribution of acid species at different acidities. The lecture concludes with a detailed explanation of amino acids, focusing on their ionization behavior in different pH environments and the concept of the isoelectric point.