Basic concepts: digital elevation model

Explores the role of relief in modeling Earth's surface phenomena and the advancements in technology for producing precise digital elevation models.

Covers observation scales, coordinate systems, geoid, and projection systems in GIS.

Covers methods for sampling elevation and measuring elevation using leveling, photogrammetry, and LiDAR in Geographic Information Systems.

Covers digital elevation models, altitude acquisition methods, representation techniques, and relief visualization using shading and contour lines.

Covers geodetic concepts, reference systems, and map projections for accurate measurements in engineering projects.