Turbulence Modeling

This lecture covers the basics of turbulence, including its characteristics, numerical simulation workflow, and the challenges in modeling turbulent flows. It discusses the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, various turbulence models, and the different methods used in numerical simulations. The Boussinesq hypothesis, one-equation models like the Spalart-Allmaras model, and two-equation models such as the k-epsilon and k-omega models are explained. The lecture also touches upon the difficulties in modeling turbulence and the importance of choosing the right model for accurate predictions.