Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic

This lecture explains the concept of prime numbers, the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, and how any natural number can be uniquely decomposed into a product of prime factors. Through an example of decomposing 362,880, the instructor demonstrates the process of finding prime factors and calculating the greatest common divisor and least common multiple. The fundamental theorem of arithmetic has practical implications for calculations, simplifying the process of finding common divisors and multiples of large numbers.