Lecture
This lecture by the instructor covers the multi-step progression of tumors, starting with an introduction to oncology and cancer incidence rates. It delves into the relationship between mutagens, latency, and cancer, highlighting the impact of chemicals in inducing cancer. The presentation explores tumor progression and classification by stage, emphasizing the different stages of cancer development. It also discusses hyperplasia, adenomas, and polyps as precursors to cancer, along with dysplasia and invasive carcinomas. The lecture provides insights into colorectal cancer progression, breast cancer progression, and evidence for multi-step progression in various cancer types. It concludes with a detailed explanation of how mutations cooperate to cause cancer and the role of tumor initiators and promoters in carcinogenesis.