Phase-Locked Loops: Basics and Applications

This lecture covers the fundamentals of Phase-Locked Loops (PLL), including the operation of PLL, phase detectors, voltage-controlled oscillators, and locked conditions. It also explores PLL applications such as frequency multiplications, clock skew reduction, and jitter reduction. Additionally, the lecture delves into the concept and working principle of Lock-in Amplifiers, which are used to extract signals from noisy environments. The presentation concludes with an overview of digital sampling oscilloscopes and spectrum analyzers, highlighting their differences and applications in electrical metrology.