Lecture
This lecture covers the concepts of mastery learning and instructional design, focusing on how people learn through exploration, trial and error, and incremental mastery. It discusses classical conditioning by Ivan Pavlov, the Law of Effect by Edward L. Thorndike, behaviorism by John Watson, and operant conditioning by B.F. Skinner. The lecture also explores key ideas in behaviorism, adaptive instruction, and achievement aptitude x treatment interaction. It emphasizes the importance of personalized and adaptive instruction, as well as the effectiveness of Intelligent Tutoring Systems. The lecture concludes with insights on instructional design, pedagogical objectives, learning outcomes, and the mastery learning approach to skill acquisition.