Mechanisms of degradation of concrete by external sulfate ions under laboratory and field conditions
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Placing concrete requires much more water than the cement needs for its hydration. This results in an important porosity in the hardened concrete, which accentuates the degradation of this material. By adding small amounts of polymeric admixtures, called s ...
Backscattered electron (BSE) images of heat-cured concretes show alite grains surrounded by inner C-S-H gel of two distinct grey levels (referred to as two-tone inner C-S-H gel). The lighter rim forms at elevated temperature whereas the darker rim develops ...
During the last 20 years, backscattered electron imaging of polished surfaces has become well established as a method for the study of cement and concrete microstructures. The technique has many advantages, including the visualisation of representative cro ...
Delayed ettringite formation (DEF) can damage concrete that has experienced a temperature above about 70°C. Claims that slow release of sulfate from the clinker can have a similar effect in concrete not thus heated are unsupported. Chemical and microstruct ...
Deterioration of cementitious materials by sulfate ions is a concern for concrete in contact with ground water (and in a lesser extent sea water) in many parts of Europe, and is an important issue for underground construction identified as a major area for ...
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In this article we shall describe our quest and ultimate success in furthering our understanding of the action of superplasticizers on the rheology of cement and concrete. By specifically producing superplasticizers with varied architectures, we have been ...
The stress field method is a technique based on the lower-bound theorem of plasticity that can be used for dimensioning, detailing and checking of structural concrete elements. Its use has been traditionally associated with the assumption of simplified (ri ...
The sulfate attack is known to influence the durability of concrete. In general, significant damage due to sulfate interaction results in the structural breakdown of the concrete structure. However, the precipitation of thaumasite due to sulfate concentrat ...
Alkali-activatedslag(AAS) binders are obtained by a manufacturing process less energy-intensive than ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and involves lower greenhouse gasses emission. These alkaline cements allow the production of high mechanical strength and d ...
Deterioration of cementitious materials by sulfate ions is a concern for concrete in contact with ground water (and in a lesser extent sea water) in many parts of Europe, and is an important issue for underground construction identified as a major area for ...
