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This paper presents a physics-based model for the threshold voltage in bulk MOSFETs valid from room down to cryogenic temperature (4.2 K). The proposed model is derived from Poisson's equation including bandgap widening, intrinsic carrier-density scaling, ...
Boltzmann electron energy distribution poses a fundamental limit to lowering the energy dissipation of conventional MOS devices, a minimum increase of the gate voltage, i.e. 60 mV, is required for a 10-fold increase in drain-to-source current at 300 K. Neg ...
Today's world of electronics becomes more and more digital and therefore CMOS becomes the dominant technology. A CMOS process compared to a bipolar process offers several advantages, mainly a low power consumption which is important for portable systems po ...