Assessing the environmental and economic potential of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement in Cuba
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Limestone calcined clays are a promising technology as they offer similar performance to OPC from 7 days onwards, while enabling a reduction of the clinker content of 50%. In some regions of the world like South America, pozzolanic cements (i.e., blended c ...
The use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is widely considered the most promis-ing approach to reduce CO2 emissions relative to cement production. SCMs are not commonly present in binders used for special applications. On the other hand, due t ...
Depending on the environmental conditions, concrete materials can come into contact with sulfate ions which are widely present in rivers, underground water, sewers, seawater and soil. Sulfates can react with the cement paste in concrete and cause damage wh ...
The calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) are without doubt one of the most important hydration products in a hardened cement paste. Giving the complexity of the microstructure that forms by hydration of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and the more recently use ...
By replacing part of Portland cement with so-called supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) it is possible to reduce the CO2 footprint of the cement industry. These SCMs are commonly limestone, calcined clay, slag and fly ash. While doing so the early ...
To reduce the CO2 footprint of construction materials, concrete producers blend their cement with Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs). SCMs such as fly ash or blast furnace slag are mostly the byproducts of other industries. And while SCMs are chos ...
Partial replacement of clinker with supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is an effective approach to reduce CO2 emissions related to cement production. However, there is a maximum substitution level with SCMs beyond which strength decreases. The und ...
LC3 is one of the most promising alternatives for a high-performance blended cement with a significantly lower clinker content and with potential for worldwide adoption. For this reason, understanding its long-term performance is relevant to ensure service ...
This article reviews the rapidly developing state-of-the-art literature available on the subject of the recently developed limestone calcined clay cement (LC3). An introduction to the background leading to the development of LC3 is first discussed. The che ...
Limestone calcined clay cements (LC3) are blended cements that combine clinker, limestone, calcined clay and gypsum. The availability of the materials required to produce LC3 and the good performance that it achieves, makes LC3 suitable as a sustainable re ...
