Publication

Phase Corrected H-Plane Horn Antenna in Gap SIW Technology

Abstract

This communication introduces a modified substrate integrated waveguide (SIW), the gap SIW, and deduces an approximate closed-form expression for calculating its effective width, taking into account the fringing and coupling fields around the gap. As an immediate application, this new structure is used to correct the phase distribution of an H- plane SIW horn antenna. The achieved quasi-uniform distribution results in a greatly enhanced antenna gain without deteriorating the bandwidth. To further improve both radiation and impedance matching, printed tapered-ladder transitions are introduced in front of the horn aperture. Software optimization confirms the possibility of simultaneously achieving an excellent phase correction (and hence increased gain) and a good impedance matching in a probe-excited horn antenna model. Measurements on a homemade prototype validate the design strategy. The final compact Ka-band planar horn antenna achieves an enhanced gain of 10.3 dBi at 34 GHz, with an impedance bandwidth of 20%.

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In electronics, impedance matching is the practice of designing or adjusting the input impedance or output impedance of an electrical device for a desired value. Often, the desired value is selected to maximize power transfer or minimize signal reflection. For example, impedance matching typically is used to improve power transfer from a radio transmitter via the interconnecting transmission line to the antenna. Signals on a transmission line will be transmitted without reflections if the transmission line is terminated with a matching impedance.
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