Publication

Nonmodel-based framework for rapid seismic risk and loss assessment of instrumented steel buildings

Abstract

This paper proposes a nonmodel-based framework for estimating story-based engineering demand parameters (EDPs) in instrumented steel frame buildings with steel moment-resisting frames (MRFs). The proposed framework utilizes a wavelet-based damage-sensitive feature and basic building geometric information to infer the building damage state at a given seismic intensity. The story-based EDPs are predicted with a reasonable accuracy compared to those predicted from rigorous nonlinear response history analyses that typically require the explicit use of a nonlinear building model. The efficiency of the proposed framework is demonstrated through a number of illustrative examples including actual instrumented steel frame buildings that experienced the 1994 Northridge earthquake in Los Angeles. It is shown that if the building content is known the proposed framework can facilitate building-specific seismic risk and loss assessment within minutes after an earthquake provided that the recorded floor absolute acceleration histories at discrete locations along the height of the building are accessible. The nonmodel-based framework is also extended at the city-scale through the development of generalized earthquake-induced damage and loss maps for the same earthquake event. The same framework can facilitate the decision-making for effective pre-disaster measures for earthquake disaster risk management of building assets.

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Related concepts (33)
Seismic analysis
Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design, earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent. As seen in the figure, a building has the potential to 'wave' back and forth during an earthquake (or even a severe wind storm). This is called the 'fundamental mode', and is the lowest frequency of building response.
Earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth resulting from a sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves. Earthquakes can range in intensity, from those that are so weak that they cannot be felt, to those violent enough to propel objects and people into the air, damage critical infrastructure, and wreak destruction across entire cities. The seismic activity of an area is the frequency, type, and size of earthquakes experienced over a particular time.
Earthquake prediction
Earthquake prediction is a branch of the science of seismology concerned with the specification of the time, location, and magnitude of future earthquakes within stated limits, and particularly "the determination of parameters for the next strong earthquake to occur in a region". Earthquake prediction is sometimes distinguished from earthquake forecasting, which can be defined as the probabilistic assessment of general earthquake hazard, including the frequency and magnitude of damaging earthquakes in a given area over years or decades.
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