Population healthPopulation health has been defined as "the health outcomes of a group of individuals, including the distribution of such outcomes within the group". It is an approach to health that aims to improve the health of an entire human population. It has been described as consisting of three components. These are "health outcomes, patterns of health determinants, and policies and interventions". A priority considered important in achieving the aim of population health is to reduce health inequities or disparities among different population groups due to, among other factors, the social determinants of health (SDOH).
Health human resourcesHealth human resources (HHR) – also known as human resources for health (HRH) or health workforce – is defined as "all people engaged in actions whose primary intent is to enhance positive health outcomes", according to World Health Organization's World Health Report 2006. Human resources for health are identified as one of the six core building blocks of a health system.
Publicly funded health carePublicly funded healthcare is a form of health care financing designed to meet the cost of all or most healthcare needs from a publicly managed fund. Usually this is under some form of democratic accountability, the right of access to which are set down in rules applying to the whole population contributing to the fund or receiving benefits from it. The fund may be a not-for-profit trust that pays out for healthcare according to common rules established by the members or by some other democratic form.
Fee-for-serviceFee-for-service (FFS) is a payment model where services are unbundled and paid for separately. In health care, it gives an incentive for physicians to provide more treatments because payment is dependent on the quantity of care, rather than quality of care. However evidence of the effectiveness of FFS in improving health care quality is mixed, without conclusive proof that these programs either succeed or fail. Similarly, when patients are shielded from paying (cost-sharing) by health insurance coverage, they are incentivized to welcome any medical service that might do some good.
Métiers de la santéLe professionnel de santé est une personne qui exerce ses compétences et son jugement, fournit un service lié au maintien, à l'amélioration de la santé des individus, ou au traitement des individus blessés, malades, souffrant d'un handicap ou d'une infirmité en leur prodiguant des soins et des thérapies. Ces professionnels contribuent à l'économie de la santé, secteur parmi les plus dynamiques dans l'ensemble des pays de l'OCDE depuis plusieurs décennies (8,9 % du PIB en moyenne en 2004, avec par habitant en dépenses sanitaires.
Physician supplyPhysician supply refers to the number of trained physicians working in a health care system or active in the labor market. The supply depends primarily on the number of graduates of medical schools in a country or jurisdiction but also on the number continuing to practice medicine as a career path and remaining in their country of origin. The number of physicians needed in a given context depends on several different factors, including the demographics and epidemiology of the local population, the numbers and types of other health care practitioners working in the system, and the policies and goals in place of the health care system.
Santé et sécurité au travailSanté et sécurité au travail désigne diverses disciplines visant à supprimer ou à limiter certains effets nuisibles du travail sur l'être humain (santé physique ou mentale centré sur la santé au travail). Ces notions, apparues relativement récemment dans le champ du droit du travail — au avec le développement industriel autour duquel s'est progressivement construit le droit du travail —, ont été mises en œuvre avec des premières mesures de protection au bénéfice des travailleurs les plus vulnérables : les femmes et les enfants.
Pandémie de Covid-19La pandémie de Covid-19 est une pandémie d'une maladie infectieuse émergente, appelée la maladie à coronavirus 2019 ou Covid-19, provoquée par le coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Elle apparaît le à Wuhan, dans la province du Hubei (en Chine centrale), avant de se propager dans le monde. L'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) alerte dans un premier temps la république populaire de Chine et ses autres États membres, puis prononce l'état d'urgence de santé publique de portée internationale le .
Médecinevignette|Examen d'un bébé par une pédiatre. La médecine (du medicina, qui signifie « art de guérir, remède, potion »), au sens de pratique (art), est la science témoignant de l'organisation du corps (anatomie), son fonctionnement normal (physiologie), et cherchant à préserver la santé (physique comme mentale) par la prévention (prophylaxie) et le traitement (thérapie) des maladies. La médecine humaine est complémentaire et en synergie avec la médecine vétérinaire.
Socialized medicineSocialized medicine is a term used in the United States to describe and discuss systems of universal health care—medical and hospital care for all by means of government regulation of health care and subsidies derived from taxation. Because of historically negative associations with socialism in American culture, the term is usually used pejoratively in American political discourse. The term was first widely used in the United States by advocates of the American Medical Association in opposition to President Harry S.
