Concept

Astrocyte

Publications associées (285)

Fractal Analysis Of Brain Glial Cells. Fractal Dimension And Lacunarity

Both calculated quantities in the paper, fractal dimension and lacunarity respectively, prove high precision as foreteller to classify the glial cells tissue in various brain morphologies. The importance of microglia in neurodegenerative diseases and the i ...

UNIV POLITEHNICA BUCHAREST, SCI BULL2019

Longitudinal neurometabolic changes in the hippocampus of a rat model of chronic hepatic encephalopathy

Cristina Ramona Cudalbu, Jocelin Grosse, Katarzyna Pierzchala, Veronika Rackayová

Background & Aims: The sequence of events in hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains unclear. Using the advantages of in vivo 1H-MRS (9.4T) we aimed to analyse the time-course of disease in an established model of type C HE by analysing the longitudinal change ...

2019

In vivo diffusion magnetic resonance imaging of the white matter microstructure from dictionaries generated by Monte Carlo simulations: development and validation

Gaëtan Olivier D Rensonnet

Non-invasive virtual histology of white matter tissues is the ultimate promise of diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI). This hope is fueled by the exquisite sensitivity of DW-MRI to micrometer-scale displacement of diffusing water molecules, averaged over a who ...

EPFL2019

Endogenous SHG and 2PEF coherence imaging of substructures in neurons in 3D

Sylvie Roke, Carlos Alberto Macias Romero, Marie Eve Pascale Didier, Claire Jacqueline Léa Teulon

Neuronal morphology, long-distance transport and signalling critically depend on the organization of microtubules in the cytoskeleton. Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging has been recognized as a potentially powerful tool for in situ label-free neuroi ...

2019

From adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis to pattern separation

Olivia Gozel

For a few decades, adult dentate gyrus neurogenesis has been widely recognized by the neuroscience community as an intriguing phenomenon. Two observations are particularly puzzling. At the cellular level, the switch from excitation to inhibition of the GAB ...

EPFL2019

The metalloprotease ADAMTS4 generates N-truncated A4-x species and marks oligodendrocytes as a source of amyloidogenic peptides in Alzheimer's disease

Patrick Fraering, Mitko Dimitrov, Hermeto Gerber, Sandra Lehmann

Brain accumulation and aggregation of amyloid- (A) peptides is a critical step in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Full-length A peptides (mainly A1-40 and A1-42) are produced through sequential proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor pr ...

SPRINGER2019

Optimized photo-stimulation of halorhodopsin for long-term neuronal inhibition

Chuanqiang Zhang

Background Optogenetic silencing techniques have expanded the causal understanding of the functions of diverse neuronal cell types in both the healthy and diseased brain. A widely used inhibitory optogenetic actuator is eNpHR3.0, an improved version of the ...

BMC2019

Norepinephrine stimulates glycogenolysis in astrocytes to fuel neurons with lactate

Pierre Magistretti, Henry Markram, Felix Schürmann, Daniel Keller, Jay Coggan, Corrado Cali

Although efficient compared to computers, the human brain utilizes energy at 10-fold the rate of other organs by mass. How the brain is supplied with sufficient on-demand energy to support its activity in the absence of neuronal storage capacity remains un ...

2018

Ultra high magnetic field for glial contribution into brain metabolism studied by MR spectroscopy and CEST methods for molecular imaging of glycogen

Elise Marie Catherine Vinckenbosch

Magnetic resonance at ultra-high field increases signal and spectral dispersion. In this thesis, I use those characteristics to investigate three different subjects in 13C spectroscopy, hyperpolarized methods and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST ...

EPFL2018

Astrocytic and neuronal oxidative metabolism are coupled to the rate of glutamate-glutamine cycle in the tree shrew visual cortex

Rolf Gruetter, Gregor Rainer, João Miguel das Neves Duarte, Nathalie Just, Sarah Catherine Sonnay, Anne Catherine Clerc

Astrocytes play an important role in glutamatergic neurotransmission, namely by clearing synaptic glutamate and converting it into glutamine that is transferred back to neurons. The rate of this glutamate–glutamine cycle (VNT) has been proposed to couple t ...

Wiley-Blackwell2018

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