Peritonsillar abscess

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA), also known as quinsy, is an accumulation of pus due to an infection behind the tonsil. Symptoms include fever, throat pain, trouble opening the mouth, and a change to the voice. Pain is usually worse on one side. Complications may include blockage of the airway or aspiration pneumonitis. PTA is typically due to infection by a number of types of bacteria. Often it follows streptococcal pharyngitis. They do not typically occur in those who have had a tonsillectomy. Diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms. Medical imaging may be done to rule out complications. Treatment is by removing the pus, antibiotics, sufficient fluids, and pain medication. Steroids may also be useful. Admission to hospital is generally not needed. In the United States about 3 per 10,000 people per year are affected. Young adults are most commonly affected. Physical signs of a peritonsillar abscess include redness and swelling in the tonsillar area of the affected side and swelling of the jugulodigastric lymph nodes. The uvula may be displaced towards the unaffected side. Unlike tonsillitis, which is more common in children, PTA has a more even age spread, from children to adults. Symptoms start appearing two to eight days before the formation of an abscess. A progressively severe sore throat on one side and pain during swallowing (odynophagia) usually are the earliest symptoms. As the abscess develops, persistent pain in the peritonsillar area, fever, a general sense of feeling unwell, headache, and a distortion of vowels informally known as "hot potato voice" may appear. Neck pain associated with tender, swollen lymph nodes, referred ear pain and foul breath are also common. While these signs may be present in tonsillitis itself, a PTA should be specifically considered if there is limited ability to open the mouth (trismus). While most people recover uneventfully, there is a wide range of possible complications.

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Concepts associés (11)

Caséum

thumb|250px|Caséum dans les amygdales. thumb|250px|Grains de caséum de grande taille. Le caséum est un terme de description microscopique médicale, issu du mot latin signifiant « fromage ». Il consiste en une consistance anormale des tissus, pâteuse, de coloration blanchâtre ou jaune, parfois grisâtre, semblable à du fromage. Le terme se retrouve dans certaines nécroses (nécrose caséeuse), principalement associées à la tuberculose. Le terme se retrouve aussi dans une formation « normale » (non pathologique) associée aux amygdales.

Angine

L’angine et la pharyngite sont des infections aiguës de l'oropharynx, causées par des bactéries ou des virus. Par souci de simplification, nous utiliserons ici le seul terme d'angine. L'angine se traduit habituellement par des maux de gorge et une fièvre. Fréquente, elle touche principalement l'enfant de plus de et l'adulte de moins de . Il existe différents types d'angine, d'étiologies différentes, nécessitant une prise en charge spécifique.