Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is thickening of the heart muscle of the left ventricle of the heart, that is, left-sided ventricular hypertrophy and resulting increased left ventricular mass.
While ventricular hypertrophy occurs naturally as a reaction to aerobic exercise and strength training, it is most frequently referred to as a pathological reaction to cardiovascular disease, or high blood pressure. It is one aspect of ventricular remodeling.
While LVH itself is not a disease, it is usually a marker for disease involving the heart. Disease processes that can cause LVH include any disease that increases the afterload that the heart has to contract against, and some primary diseases of the muscle of the heart.
Causes of increased afterload that can cause LVH include aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency and hypertension. Primary disease of the muscle of the heart that cause LVH are known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, which can lead into heart failure.
Long-standing mitral insufficiency also leads to LVH as a compensatory mechanism.
Associated genes include OGN, osteoglycin.
The commonly used method to diagnose LVH is echocardiography, with which the thickness of the muscle of the heart can be measured. The electrocardiogram (ECG) often shows signs of increased voltage from the heart in individuals with LVH, so this is often used as a screening test to determine who should undergo further testing.
Two dimensional echocardiography can produce images of the left ventricle. The thickness of the left ventricle as visualized on echocardiography correlates with its actual mass. Left ventricular mass can be further estimated based on geometric assumptions of ventricular shape using the measured wall thickness and internal diameter. Average thickness of the left ventricle, with numbers given as 95% prediction interval for the short axis images at the mid-cavity level are:
Women: 4 – 8 mm
Men: 5 – 9 mm
CT and MRI-based measurement can be used to measure the left ventricle in three dimensions and calculate left ventricular mass directly.
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Le but est de connaitre et comprendre le fonctionnement des systèmes cardiovasculaire, urinaire, respiratoire, digestif, ainsi que du métabolisme de base et sa régulation afin de déveloper une réflect
This lecture will cover anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system, biophysics of the blood, cardiac mechanics, hemodynamics and biomechanics of the arterial system, microcirculation and biom
Les concepts de base permettant de comprendre, d'analyser et de concevoir les circuits à base d'AmpliOp, dédiés à l'acquisition et conditionnement des signaux analogiques sont traités en théorie et pr
La cardiomégalie est une augmentation anormale de la taille du cœur. Elle peut être dépistée par une radiographie thoracique de face, en position debout, montrant un index cardiothoracique supérieur à 0,5 ou 0,55. Cet index est égal au rapport entre le plus grand diamètre horizontal du cœur et le plus grand diamètre horizontal du thorax, mesurés sur une radiographie thoracique conventionnelle.
Afterload is the pressure that the heart must work against to eject blood during systole (ventricular contraction). Afterload is proportional to the average arterial pressure. As aortic and pulmonary pressures increase, the afterload increases on the left and right ventricles respectively. Afterload changes to adapt to the continually changing demands on an animal's cardiovascular system. Afterload is proportional to mean systolic blood pressure and is measured in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg).
La fibrillation atriale, anciennement appelée fibrillation auriculaire (fréquemment abrégée en « FA ») est le plus fréquent des troubles du rythme cardiaque. Elle fait partie des troubles du rythme supra-ventriculaires. Elle correspond à une action non coordonnée des cellules myocardiques auriculaires, entraînant une contraction rapide et irrégulière des oreillettes cardiaques. Le terme de fibrillation auriculaire est d'usage fréquent, mais depuis 1998 la dénomination académique est « fibrillation atriale », les oreillettes cardiaques ayant été renommées « atria » dans la nouvelle nomenclature anatomique.
The sensing of left ventricular (LV) activity is fundamental in the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular health in high-risk patients after cardiac surgery to achieve better short- and long-term outcome. Conventional approaches rely on noninvasive me ...
Aip Publishing2024
, ,
Hypertension is the most common cause of left ventricular hypertrophy, contributing to heart failure progression. Candesartan (Cand) is an angiotensin receptor antagonist widely used for hypertension treatment. Structural modifications were previously perf ...
ELSEVIER2023
,
In this research paper, we conducted a study to investigate the connection between three objective measures: Electrocardiogram(ECG), Electrogastrogram (EGG), and Electroencephalogram (EEG), and individuals' susceptibility to cybersickness. Our primary obje ...