Speech repetitionSpeech repetition occurs when individuals speak the sounds that they have heard another person pronounce or say. In other words, it is the saying by one individual of the spoken vocalizations made by another individual. Speech repetition requires the person repeating the utterance to have the ability to map the sounds that they hear from the other person's oral pronunciation to similar places and manners of articulation in their own vocal tract.
Apraxia of speechApraxia of speech (AOS), also called verbal apraxia, is a speech sound disorder affecting an individual's ability to translate conscious speech plans into motor plans, which results in limited and difficult speech ability. By the definition of apraxia, AOS affects volitional (willful or purposeful) movement pattern. However, AOS usually also affects automatic speech. Individuals with AOS have difficulty connecting speech messages from the brain to the mouth.
BabblingBabbling is a stage in child development and a state in language acquisition during which an infant appears to be experimenting with uttering articulate sounds, but does not yet produce any recognizable words. Babbling begins shortly after birth and progresses through several stages as the infant's repertoire of sounds expands and vocalizations become more speech-like. Infants typically begin to produce recognizable words when they are around 12 months of age, though babbling may continue for some time afterward.
Language processing in the brainIn psycholinguistics, language processing refers to the way humans use words to communicate ideas and feelings, and how such communications are processed and understood. Language processing is considered to be a uniquely human ability that is not produced with the same grammatical understanding or systematicity in even human's closest primate relatives. Throughout the 20th century the dominant model for language processing in the brain was the Geschwind-Lichteim-Wernicke model, which is based primarily on the analysis of brain-damaged patients.
Perception de la paroleLa perception de la parole est le processus par lequel les humains sont capables d'interpréter et de comprendre les sons utilisés dans le langage. L'étude de la perception de la parole est reliée aux champs de la phonétique, de phonologie en linguistique, de psychologie cognitive et de perception en psychologie. Les recherches dans ce domaine essaient de comprendre comment les auditeurs humains reconnaissent les phonèmes (sons de la paroles) ou autres sons tels que la syllabe ou les rimes, et utilisent cette information pour comprendre le langage parlé.
Language developmentLanguage development in humans is a process starting early in life. Infants start without knowing a language, yet by 10 months, babies can distinguish speech sounds and engage in babbling. Some research has shown that the earliest learning begins in utero when the fetus starts to recognize the sounds and speech patterns of its mother's voice and differentiate them from other sounds after birth. Typically, children develop receptive language abilities before their verbal or expressive language develops.
Acquisition du langageL'acquisition du langage est un domaine de recherche pluridisciplinaire, relevant notamment de la recherche en psychologie et en sciences du langage, qui vise à décrire et comprendre comment l'enfant acquiert le langage, oral ou gestuel, du milieu qui l'entoure. L'acquisition du langage d'un jeune enfant est rapide et s'effectue sans apprentissage formel. Le langage se développe toute la vie, mais c'est surtout entre la naissance et l'âge de cinq ans, que les apprentissages essentiels sont observés.
