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Concept
Maladie immunitaire
Résumé
An immune disorder is a dysfunction of the immune system. These disorders can be characterized in several different ways:
By the component(s) of the immune system affected
By whether the immune system is overactive or underactive
By whether the condition is congenital or acquired
According to the International Union of Immunological Societies, more than 150 primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) have been characterized. However, the number of acquired immunodeficiencies exceeds the number of PIDs.
It has been suggested that most people have at least one primary immunodeficiency. Due to redundancies in the immune system, though, many of these are never detected.
Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part. There are at least 80 types of autoimmune diseases. Nearly any body part can be involved. Common symptoms include low-grade fever and feeling tired. Often symptoms come and go.
List of autoimmune diseases
Lupus
Scleroderma
Certain types of hemolytic anemia
Vasculitis
Type 1 diabetes
Graves' disease
Rheumatoid arthritis
Multiple sclerosis (although it is thought to be an immune-mediated process)
Goodpasture syndrome
Pernicious anemia
Some types of myopathy
Lyme disease (Late)
Celiac disease
Alopecia Areata
immunodeficiency
Primary immune deficiency diseases are those caused by inherited genetic mutations. Secondary or acquired immune deficiencies are caused by something outside the body such as a virus or immune suppressing drugs.
Primary immune diseases are at risk to an increased susceptibility to, and often recurrent ear infections, pneumonia, bronchitis, sinusitis or skin infections. Immunodeficient patients may less frequently develop abscesses of their internal organs, autoimmune or rheumatologic and gastrointestinal problems.
Primary immune deficiencies
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
DiGeorge syndrome
Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome (also known as Job's Syndrome)
Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID): B cell levels are normal in circulation but with decreased production of IgG throughout the years, so it is the only primary immune disorder that presents onset in the late teens years.
Source officielle
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