AbstentionismAbstentionism is standing for election to a deliberative assembly while refusing to take up any seats won or otherwise participate in the assembly's business. Abstentionism differs from an election boycott in that abstentionists participate in the election itself. Abstentionism has been used by Irish republican political movements in the United Kingdom and Ireland since the early 19th century. It was also used by Hungarian and Czech nationalists in the Austrian Imperial Council in the 1860s.
Dáil CourtsThe Dáil Courts (also known as Republican Courts) were the judicial branch of government of the Irish Republic, which had unilaterally declared independence in 1919. They were formally established by a decree of the First Dáil on 29 June 1920, replacing more limited Arbitration Courts that had been authorised a year earlier. The Dáil Courts were an integral part of the Irish Republic's policy of undermining British rule in Ireland by establishing a monopoly on the legitimate use of force.
Eoin Mac NéillEoin Mac Néill ( – ) est un érudit irlandais, amoureux de la langue gaélique, activiste nationaliste, et militant du Sinn Féin. Il est aussi considéré comme à l'origine du regain d'intérêt pour l'étude de l'Irlande médiévale. Cette figure-clé de la culture gaëlique renaissante, est ainsi un des fondateurs de la Ligue gaélique (1893), qui visait à sauvegarder culture et langue irlandaises. Il contribue également, en 1913, à créer les Irish Volunteers dont il devient le principal dirigeant.
Forces de Défense irlandaisesLes Forces de Défense irlandaises (Irish Defence Force en anglais et Óglaigh na hÉireann en irlandais) englobent l'Armée de terre, la Marine, la Force aérienne et les forces de réserve de l'Irlande. Le Président de l'Irlande est le commandant suprême des Forces de défense, mais en pratique, elles répondent au gouvernement irlandais, par l'intermédiaire du ministre de la Défense.
