Test (psychologie)C'est dans le cadre d'un examen psychologique qu'un psychologue fait passer des tests. Ceux-ci (il en existe plus de 2000) peuvent être utilisés par un psychologue en orientation dans le cadre d'un processus d'orientation, par un psychologue scolaire dans le cadre d'une évaluation psychologique en milieu scolaire, également par des psychologues cliniciens et/ou des neuropsychologues dans le cadre d'un diagnostic psychopathologique. On peut classer les tests et les instruments associés selon leur type d'évaluation qu'ils visent à mesurer et à qualifier.
Training and developmentTraining and development involve improving the effectiveness of organizations and the individuals and teams within them. Training may be viewed as related to immediate changes in organizational effectiveness via organized instruction, while development is related to the progress of longer-term organizational and employee goals. While training and development technically have differing definitions, the two are oftentimes used interchangeably and/or together.
Job characteristic theoryJob characteristics theory is a theory of work design. It provides “a set of implementing principles for enriching jobs in organizational settings”. The original version of job characteristics theory proposed a model of five “core” job characteristics (i.e. skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback) that affect five work-related outcomes (i.e. motivation, satisfaction, performance, and absenteeism and turnover) through three psychological states (i.e.
Workplace violenceWorkplace violence (WPV), violence in the workplace (VIW), or occupational violence refers to violence, usually in the form of physical abuse or threat, that creates a risk to the health and safety of an employee or multiple employees. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health defines worker on worker, personal relationship, customer/client, and criminal intent all as categories of violence in the workplace.
Psychologie légaleLe professionnel qui travaille dans le champ de la psychologie légale est un psychologue légal. Il est confronté à des patients qui présentent un rapport particulier à la loi. Le psychologue légal peut travailler dans le cadre du droit de la police, du droit de la famille, du droit de la protection de l'enfant et de l'adulte, dans le cadre de l'organisation du droit de garde et de l'autorité parentale, ainsi que dans le cadre du droit d'aide aux victimes.
Test de personnalitéLes tests de personnalité sont des techniques psychologiques d’exploitation des aspects non cognitifs de la personnalité. Ces tests sont des épreuves qui explorent les aspects non intellectuels, au sens large de la personnalité, c’est-à-dire les versants conatifs et affectifs ainsi que leurs déviations. Les tests de personnalité diffèrent entre eux par la situation utilisée comme stimulus. La plupart sont constitués de questions ou de propositions auxquelles le sujet doit répondre en fonction de ce qu'il pense, ressent, estime, souhaite, cette réponse ne mettant en jeu ni aptitudes, ni connaissances.
Work motivationWork motivation is a person's internal disposition toward work. To further this, an incentive is the anticipated reward or aversive event available in the environment. While motivation can often be used as a tool to help predict behavior, it varies greatly among individuals and must often be combined with ability and environmental factors to actually influence behavior and performance. Results from a 2012 study, which examined age-related differences in work motivation, suggest a "shift in people's motives" rather than a general decline in motivation with age.
Organizational citizenship behaviorIn industrial and organizational psychology, organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is a person's voluntary commitment within an organization or company that is not part of his or her contractual tasks. Organizational citizenship behavior has been studied since the late 1970s. Over the past three decades, interest in these behaviors has increased substantially. Organizational behavior has been linked to overall organizational effectiveness, thus these types of employee behaviors have important consequences in the workplace.
Organizational conflictOrganizational conflict, or workplace conflict, is a state of discord caused by the actual or perceived opposition of needs, values and interests between people working together. Conflict takes many forms in organizations. There is the inevitable clash between formal authority and power and those individuals and groups affected. There are disputes over how revenues should be divided, how the work should be done, and how long and hard people should work. There are jurisdictional disagreements among individuals, departments, and between unions and management.
Personality–job fit theoryPersonality–job fit theory is a form of organizational psychology, that postulates that an individual's personality traits will reveal insight into their adaptability within an organization. The degree of confluence between a person and the organization is expressed as their Person-Organization (P-O) fit. This is also referred to as a person–environment fit. A common measure of the P-O fit is workplace efficacy - the rate at which workers are able to complete tasks. These tasks are affected by environmental factors within the workplace.
