Vitesse de circulation de la monnaieLa vitesse de circulation de la monnaie (ou vélocité de la monnaie) est la vitesse à laquelle une unité monétaire circule dans un système économique. La vitesse de circulation de la monnaie désigne la vitesse à laquelle la monnaie est échangée entre les agents économiques. Il s'agit donc d'un taux de rotation, c'est-à-dire le nombre de fois où une même unité monétaire passe dans la main d'un autre agent économique au cours d'une période donnée.
Risk-neutral measureIn mathematical finance, a risk-neutral measure (also called an equilibrium measure, or equivalent martingale measure) is a probability measure such that each share price is exactly equal to the discounted expectation of the share price under this measure. This is heavily used in the pricing of financial derivatives due to the fundamental theorem of asset pricing, which implies that in a complete market, a derivative's price is the discounted expected value of the future payoff under the unique risk-neutral measure.
Capital budgetingCapital budgeting in corporate finance, corporate planning and accounting is area of capital management that concerns the planning process used to determine whether an organization's long term capital investments such as new machinery, replacement of machinery, new plants, new products, and research development projects are worth the funding of cash through the firm's capitalization structures (debt, equity or retained earnings). It is the process of allocating resources for major capital, or investment, expenditures.
Future valueFuture value is the value of an asset at a specific date. It measures the nominal future sum of money that a given sum of money is "worth" at a specified time in the future assuming a certain interest rate, or more generally, rate of return; it is the present value multiplied by the accumulation function. The value does not include corrections for inflation or other factors that affect the true value of money in the future. This is used in time value of money calculations.
