Siraya (ethnie)The Siraya () people are a Taiwanese indigenous people. The Siraya settled flat coastal plains in the southwest part of the island of Taiwan and corresponding sections of the east coast; the area is identified today with Tainan City and Taitung County. At least four communities make up the group: Mattauw, Soelangh, Baccloangh, and Sinckan. The first four communities correspond to the modern-day districts of Madou, Jiali, Shanhua, and Sinshih, respectively.
Kanakanavu peopleThe Kanakanavu () are an indigenous people of central southern Taiwan. They live in the two villages of Manga and Takanua in Namasia District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. The native Kanakanavu speakers were Taiwanese aboriginals living on the islands. Following the Dutch Colonial Period in the 17th century, Han-Chinese immigration began to dominate the islands population. The village of Takanua is a village assembled by Japanese rulers to relocate various aboriginal groups in order to establish easier dominion over these groups.
Taiwan Railways AdministrationTaiwan railway Railways Administration (TRA)tw is a railway operator in Taiwan. It is an agency of the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, responsible for managing, maintaining, and running conventional passenger and freight railway services on of track in Taiwan. Due to Taiwan's heavily urbanised landscape and high population density, railways have played an important part in domestic transportation since the late 19th century. Passenger traffic in 2018 was 231,267,955.
WaishengrenWaishengren (), sometimes called mainlanders, are a group of migrants who arrived in Taiwan from mainland China between the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in 1945, and Kuomintang retreat and the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949. They came from various regions of mainland China and spanned multiple social classes. The term is often seen in contrast with benshengren (), which refers to Hoklo and Hakka people in Taiwan who arrived prior to 1945 who had lived under Japanese rule.
Langues formosanesLes langues formosanes sont un regroupement géographique qui regroupe 9 branches sur 10 de la famille austronésienne. Les langues malayo-polynésiennes n'en font pas partie. Elles sont parlées par les aborigènes de Taïwan, qui représentent environ de la population de l'île. On estime maintenant que Taïwan est le berceau de toutes les autres langues austronésiennes, en raison de la diversité linguistique et de l'archaïsme des langues austronésiennes parlées à Taïwan.
SirayaLe siraya est une langue austronésienne de la branche des langues formosanes parlée à Taïwan. La langue est éteinte depuis la fin du . Cependant, la langue subit une revitalisation linguistique. Le siraya est connu depuis l'occupation hollandaise de Taïwan par la Compagnie des Indes orientales de 1624 à 1661. Les missionnaires calvinistes, pour évangéliser les populations formosanes, créèrent une littérature religieuse en siraya, notamment un Évangile de Saint Matthieu et un catéchisme.
Plains Indigenous peoplesPlains indigenous peoples (), previously called plain aborigines, are Taiwanese indigenous peoples originally residing in lowland regions, as opposed to Highland indigenous peoples. Plains indigenous peoples consist of anywhere from eight to twelve individual groups, or tribes, rather than being a single ethnic group. They are part of the Austronesian family. Beginning in the 17th century, plains indigenous peoples have been heavily influenced by external forces from Dutch, Spanish, and Han Chinese immigration to Taiwan.
Saaroa peopleThe Saaroa or Hla'alua people () are an indigenous people of central southern Taiwan. They live in the two villages of Taoyuan and Kaochung in Taoyuan District, Kaohsiung and Maya Village in Namasia District, Kaohsiung. The group attained official recognition from the Taiwanese government on 26 June 2014 under the name Hla'alua as the 15th indigenous people of Taiwan. Previously, the group as considered as subgroup of the Tsou people.
Démographie de TaïwanLa population taïwanaise était estimée à habitants en 2018, faisant de Taïwan le quatorzième pays le plus densément peuplé (650,3 h/km en 2016). Elle est composée de 98 % de chinois Han et de 2 % d'Aborigènes ; 26 % de la population Han de l'île aurait des ancêtres aborigènes. La natalité de Taïwan est en diminution, le taux de fécondité était tombé à 0,9 enfant par femme en 2011, en 2017 il reste l'un des plus bas du monde à 1,13. La population de Taïwan est en diminution depuis 2020.
