Notaire publicUn notaire public (latin notarius, notary public), dans la plupart des pays de common law, est un officier public qui intervient dans les affaires étrangères et internationales pour accomplir certaines formalités. Selon la common law, le notaire public n'est pas une variété de juriste distincte ; ce n'est qu'une fonction juridique accessoire. Par conséquent, son office ne constitue pas une profession en soi, mais plutôt une charge à part.
Bar examinationA bar examination is an examination administered by the bar association of a jurisdiction that a lawyer must pass in order to be admitted to the bar of that jurisdiction. Administering bar exams is the responsibility of the bar association in the particular state or territory concerned. Those interested in pursuing a career at the bar must first be admitted as lawyers in the Supreme Court of their home state or territory.
Pro bonoLe Pro Bono est une ancienne locution latine, provenant de « pro bono publico » signifiant « pour le bien public », qui désigne le travail réalisé à titre gracieux par un professionnel à destination d'une population défavorisée. Le « pro bono » dans le droit (juristes, avocats) permet de conseiller gratuitement des populations défavorisées pour démocratiser l'accès à la justice. Cette pratique s'est ensuite diffusée à d'autres sphères que le droit telles que le marketing et la communication, la stratégie, l'architecture, l’informatique et les ressources humaines notamment.
ConveyancingIn law, conveyancing is the transfer of legal title of real property from one person to another, or the granting of an encumbrance such as a mortgage or a lien. A typical conveyancing transaction has two major phases: the exchange of contracts (when equitable interests are created) and completion (also called settlement, when legal title passes and equitable rights merge with the legal title). The sale of land is governed by the laws and practices of the jurisdiction in which the land is located.
Admission to the bar in the United StatesAdmission to the bar in the United States is the granting of permission by a particular court system to a lawyer to practice law in the jurisdiction. Each U.S. state and jurisdiction (e.g. territories under federal control) has its own court system and sets its own rules and standards for bar admission. In most cases, a person is admitted or called to the bar of the highest court in the jurisdiction and is thereby authorized to practice law in the jurisdiction.
Aide juridiqueL'aide juridique, aide juridictionnelle ou assistance judiciaire est une aide financière ou juridique que l'État accorde aux justiciables dont les revenus sont insuffisants pour accéder à la justice. Elle prend en charge, en totalité ou en partie, les frais de procédure et d'expertise, et les honoraires de l'avocat, l'aide étant versée directement à celui-ci. Le Brésil est le seul pays où la constitution a prévu la création d'un bureau d'avocats payés par le gouvernement, qui ont pour mission spécifique d'apporter une aide juridictionnelle gratuite aux pauvres.
Law societyA law society is an association of lawyers with a regulatory role that includes the right to supervise the training, qualifications, and conduct of lawyers. Where there is a distinction between barristers and solicitors, solicitors are regulated by the law societies and barristers by a separate bar council. Much has changed for law societies in recent years, with governments in Australia, New Zealand, England, Wales, and Scotland creating government sponsored regulators for lawyers (both barristers and solicitors), leaving to law societies the role of advocacy on behalf of their members.
CounselA counsel or a counsellor at law is a person who gives advice and deals with various issues, particularly in legal matters. It is a title often used interchangeably with the title of lawyer. The word counsel can also mean advice given outside of the context of the legal profession. The legal system in England uses the term counsel as an approximate synonym for a barrister-at-law, but not for a solicitor, and may apply it to mean either a single person who pleads a cause, or collectively, the body of barristers engaged in a case.
Call to the barThe call to the bar is a legal term of art in most common law jurisdictions where persons must be qualified to be allowed to argue in court on behalf of another party and are then said to have been "called to the bar" or to have received "call to the bar". "The bar" is now used as a collective noun for barristers, but literally referred to the wooden barrier in old courtrooms, which separated the often crowded public area at the rear from the space near the judges reserved for those having business with the court.
Bar councilA bar council (Comhairle an Bharra) or bar association, in a common law jurisdiction with a legal profession split between solicitors and barristers or advocates, is a professional body that regulates the profession of barristers. In such jurisdictions, solicitors are generally regulated by the law society. In common law jurisdictions with no distinction between barristers and solicitors (i.e. where there is a "fused profession"), the professional body may be called variously a Law Society, Bar Council or a bar association.
