Behavior managementBehavior management, similar to behavior modification, is a less-intensive form of behavior therapy. Unlike behavior modification, which focuses on changing behavior, behavior management focuses on maintaining positive habits and behaviors and reducing negative ones. Behavior management skills are especially useful for teachers and educators, healthcare workers, and those working in supported living communities. This form of management aims to help professionals oversee and guide behavior management in individuals and groups toward fulfilling, productive, and socially acceptable behaviors.
Stimulus controlIn behavioral psychology (or applied behavior analysis), stimulus control is a phenomenon in operant conditioning (also called contingency management) that occurs when an organism behaves in one way in the presence of a given stimulus and another way in its absence. A stimulus that modifies behavior in this manner is either a discriminative stimulus (Sd) or stimulus delta (S-delta). Stimulus-based control of behavior occurs when the presence or absence of an Sd or S-delta controls the performance of a particular behavior.
Behavioral activationBehavioral activation (BA) is a third generation behavior therapy for treating depression. Behavioral activation primarily emphasizes engaging in positive and enjoyable activities to enhance one's mood. It is one form of functional analytic psychotherapy, which is based on a Skinnerian psychological model of behavior change, generally referred to as applied behavior analysis. This area is also a part of what is called clinical behavior analysis (CBA) and makes up one of the most effective practices in the professional practice of behavior analysis.
Clinical behavior analysisClinical behavior analysis (CBA; also called clinical behaviour analysis or third-generation behavior therapy) is the clinical application of behavior analysis (ABA). CBA represents a movement in behavior therapy away from methodological behaviorism and back toward radical behaviorism and the use of functional analytic models of verbal behavior—particularly, relational frame theory (RFT).
Système d'économie de jetonsUn système d'économie symbolique ou système d'économie de jetons est un système de gestion des contingences basé sur le renforcement systématique du comportement cible. Les renforts sont des symboles ou jetons qui peuvent être échangés contre d'autres renforts. Une économie symbolique est basée sur les principes du conditionnement opérant et de l'économie comportementale et peut se situer dans le cadre de l'analyse comportementale appliquée. Dans les milieux appliqués, les économies symboliques sont utilisées avec les enfants et les adultes.
Punishment (psychology)In operant conditioning, punishment is any change in a human or animal's surroundings which, occurring after a given behavior or response, reduces the likelihood of that behavior occurring again in the future. As with reinforcement, it is the behavior, not the human/animal, that is punished. Whether a change is or is not punishing is determined by its effect on the rate that the behavior occurs. This is called motivating operations (MO), because they alter the effectiveness of a stimulus.
Developmental disabilityDevelopmental disability is a diverse group of chronic conditions, comprising mental or physical impairments that arise before adulthood. Developmental disabilities cause individuals living with them many difficulties in certain areas of life, especially in "language, mobility, learning, self-help, and independent living". Developmental disabilities can be detected early on and persist throughout an individual's lifespan. Developmental disability that affects all areas of a child's development is sometimes referred to as global developmental delay.
Méthodes d'intervention en autismeLes méthodes d'intervention en autisme sont des stratégies ou méthodes visant à aider les personnes autistes à compenser leur situation de handicap. Comme le précise l'OMS, il n'existe pas de traitement curatif de l'autisme. Issues de diverses théorisations, ces approches sont principalement éducatives et psychothérapeutiques. Elles peuvent suivre d'autres aspects. Il existe enfin une dimension médicameuteuse, voire alimentaire.
Three-term contingencyThe three-term contingency (also known as the ABC contingency) in operant conditioning—or contingency management—describes the relationship between a behavior, its consequence, and the environmental context. The three-term contingency was first defined by B. F. Skinner in the early 1950s. It is often used within ABA to alter the frequency of socially significant human behavior. The antecedent stimulus occurs first in the contingency and signals that reinforcement or punishment is available on the contingency of a specific behavior.
Thérapie comportementale dialectiqueLa thérapie comportementale dialectique (TCD) est une technique de psychothérapie développée par Marsha M. Linehan, chercheuse en psychologie à l'Université de Washington, pour traiter les personnes atteintes d'un trouble de la personnalité borderline (TPB). La TCD combine les techniques standards de la psychothérapie cognitivo-comportementale comme la régulation de l'émotion et des exercices pratiques avec des principes tolérance de la détresse, d'ouverture d'esprit, de relaxation, d'acceptation largement dérivés des pratiques de méditation bouddhistes.
