Probation and parole officer

A probation or parole officer is an official appointed or sworn to investigate, report on, and supervise the conduct of convicted offenders on probation or those released from incarceration to community supervision such as parole. Most probation and parole officers are employed by the government of the jurisdiction in which they operate, although some are employed by private companies that provide contracted services to the government. Responsibilities of a probation or parole officer are varied. While the majority of the public considers these officers as merely supervisors of offenders, their role within the legal system is significantly broader and more complex. While their roles vary throughout the world, they are commonly responsible for upholding conditions of supervision as sentenced by a court or other government entity which includes specific case management aimed at reducing an offender's risk to reoffend. At a minimum, they are required to possess above average oral and written communication skills and have a broad knowledge of the criminal justice system. This includes knowledge of the roles, relationships, and responsibilities that are distributed among the government agencies and outside organizations such as the courts, the parole authority, the prison system, local jails, prosecuting attorneys, other law enforcement and corrections agencies, treatment providers, etc. Officers must understand applicable case law and sentencing guidelines. Additionally, they must have an ability to work with an extremely diverse population of individuals who have been convicted of various crimes. They must also accept the potential hazards of working closely with a criminal population. In the United States, most jurisdictions require officers to have a four-year bachelor's degree, and prefer a graduate degree for federal probation officer positions. Officers are usually issued a badge or some other form of credentials indicating their position and sometimes rank.

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Concepts associés (3)

Service correctionnel Canada

Service correctionnel Canada (SCC, en anglais : Correctional Service of Canada, CSC) est une agence fédérale du gouvernement du Canada responsable de l'incarcération et de la réhabilitation de criminels condamnés à deux années et plus. Elle s'occupe de la gestion des pénitenciers, et de la surveillance des délinquants et des délinquantes dans le cadre de différents types de mesures libératoires. Son siège social est situé dans la capitale canadienne, Ottawa.

Probation

La probation est définie par une recommandation du Conseil de l'Europe de 2010 comme étant une « série d'activités et d'interventions qui impliquent suivi, conseil et assistance dans le but de réintégrer socialement l'auteur d'infraction dans la société et de contribuer à la sécurité collective ». En 2021, la France est le deuxième pays européen après le Royaume-Uni concernant le nombre de mesures de probation utilisées par la justice comme alternative à la prison : en juin 2021, personnes sont suivies en « milieu ouvert » par l’administration pénitentiaire française, alors que le nombre de détenus est d'environ .

Criminal justice

Criminal justice is the delivery of justice to those who have been accused of committing crimes. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include the rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and moral support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and the prisons system.