Bibliothèque publique

vignette|250px|Bibliothèque publique moderne (Chambéry) Une bibliothèque publique est une bibliothèque tenue par une collectivité territoriale ou nationale ou tout autre type d'organisme public. Sa fonction consiste à donner accès au savoir, à l'information, à l'apprentissage tout au long de la vie, ainsi qu'aux œuvres de l'imagination par le biais d'une vaste registre de ressources, impliquant une diversité de médias, et des services qui sont disponibles équitablement à tous les membres de la communauté. La bibliothèque publique constitue un pilier important dans une société démocratique en assurant l'accès à des idées et des savoirs et en servant de lieu de rencontres pour les citoyens; des dispositions qui contribuent à façonner la sphère publique. Histoire Les premières bibliothèques Étant donné les changements culturels apparus depuis l'invention de l'écriture, il est difficile d'assigner une origine précise au concep

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Publications associées (3)

Publications associées

Chargement

Personnes associées

Chargement

Unités associées

Chargement

Concepts associés (11)

Concepts associés

Chargement

Cours associés (3)

Cours associés

Chargement

Séances de cours associées (4)

Afficher plus

Séances de cours associées

Chargement

Trust as a Programming Primitive

Adrien Ghosn

Programming has changed; programming languages have not.Modern software embraced reusable software components, i.e., public libraries, and runs in the cloud, on machines that co-locate applications from various origins.This new programming paradigm leads to an unsafe world in which compromising a single public library or cloud server can potentially grant an attacker access to tens or hundreds of applications sensitive data.Meanwhile, programming languages failed to provide the mechanisms to address the insecurity and fragility inherent to modern software: (1) programs run in a single trust domain, thereby granting unverified public library code access to their sensitive information and (2) the underlying operating system or hypervisor is able to access any of the program's sensitive information. In my thesis, I will present two programming abstractions and mechanisms that can help address these challenges.The first is secured routines, which protect user code & data from untrusted and potentially privileged code.The second is enclosures, a programming abstraction that splits a program into isolated trust domains, allowing safe execution of unverified public libraries.Finally, I propose a secured execution environment in software to quickly prototype and evolve new isolation primitives, without requiring specialized hardware.This research highlights the need for new software and hardware mechanisms to provide fine-grained (within an address space) isolation so that programs can be safely constructed from untrusted pieces of code and run in untrusted environments.

EPFL2021

Chargement

Enclosure: Language-Based Restriction of Untrusted Libraries

Edouard Bugnion, Adrien Ghosn, Evangelos Marios Kogias, James Richard Larus, Mathias Josef Payer

Programming languages and systems have failed to address the security implications of the increasingly frequent use of public libraries to construct modern software. Most languages provide tools and online repositories to publish, import, and use libraries; however, this double-edged sword can incorporate a large quantity of unknown, unchecked, and unverified code into an application. The risk is real, as demonstrated by malevolent actors who have repeatedly inserted malware into popular open-source libraries. This paper proposes a solution: enclosures, a new programming language construct for library isolation that provides a developer with fine-grain control over the resources that a library can access, even for libraries with complex inter-library dependencies. The programming abstraction is language-independent and could be added to most languages. These languages would then be able to take advantage of hardware isolation mechanisms that are effective across language boundaries. The enclosure policies are enforced at run time by LitterBox, a language-independent framework that uses hardware mechanisms to provide uniform and robust isolation guarantees, even for libraries written in unsafe languages. LitterBox currently supports both Intel VT-x (with general-purpose extended page tables) and the emerging Intel Memory Protection Keys (MPK). We describe an enclosure implementation for the Go and Python languages. Our evaluation demonstrates that the Go implementation can protect sensitive data in real-world applications constructed using complex untrusted libraries with deep dependencies. It requires minimal code refactoring and incurs acceptable performance overhead. The Python implementation demonstrates LitterBox’s ability to support dynamic languages.

2021

Chargement

Rethinking Urban Space in a World Without Cars

Farzaneh Bahrami, Matthew Skjonsberg

The Confluence Collective in partnership with the Municipal Library of Lyon organizes moments of discussion and debate where young researchers present, confront and criticize their work in social sciences, humanities and arts. The reduction in individual motorized mobility is widely debated today. At the same time, social attitudes are symptomatic of an effective reduction of interest in the car: vehicle sales decline, and there is a decline in the percentage of young people who obtain their drivers license. The assumption that the trends outlined here would accelerate prompts us to explore the future of urban space to the total elimination of the car. This radical hypothesis requires us to reverse the look on urban space - what would happen in a post-car world where space now dedicated to traffic and the car becomes free for other uses?

2015

Chargement

Bibliothèque

vignette|redresse=1.2|Bibliothèque de l'abbaye de Saint-Gall (, patrimoine mondial, Suisse). vignette|redresse=1.2|Bibliothèque publique à Almere (Pays-Bas). Une bibliothèque (du grec ancien , de , «

Bibliothécaire

Un bibliothécaire désigne d'une manière générale une personne à qui sont confiées des tâches de gestion des collections documentaires et d'aide aux usagers dans une bibliothèque, mais aussi des fonc

Livre (document)

Un livre est un document écrit formant unité et conçu comme tel, composé de pages reliées les unes aux autres. Il a pour fonction d'être un support de l'écriture, permettant la diffusion et la conse

AR-340: Building technology V

Technologie du Bâti V aborde le bâtiment comme un système d'opérations techniques et culturelles invoquant des choix liés à l'environnement, au matériau, à la structure, et au montage. L'objectif du cours est d'amener les étudiants à acquérir des compétences sur la conception critique du bâtiment.

DH-405: Foundations of digital humanities

This course gives an introduction to the fundamental concepts and methods of the Digital Humanities, both from a theoretical and applied point of view. The course introduces the Digital Humanities circle of processing and interpretation, from data acquisition to new understandings.

ENV-220: Fundamentals in ecology

The students will learn the fundamentals in ecology with the goal to perceive the environment beyond its physical and chemical characteristics. Starting from basic concepts, they will acquire mechanistic understanding of biodiversity, ecosystem functioning and global change.