Detached objects are a dynamical class of minor planets in the outer reaches of the Solar System and belong to the broader family of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). These objects have orbits whose points of closest approach to the Sun (perihelion) are sufficiently distant from the gravitational influence of Neptune that they are only moderately affected by Neptune and the other known planets: This makes them appear to be "detached" from the rest of the Solar System, except for their attraction to the Sun.
In this way, detached objects differ substantially from most other known TNOs, which form a loosely defined set of populations that have been perturbed to varying degrees onto their current orbit by gravitational encounters with the giant planets, predominantly Neptune. Detached objects have larger perihelia than these other TNO populations, including the objects in orbital resonance with Neptune, such as Pluto, the classical Kuiper belt objects in non-resonant orbits such as Makemake, and the scattered disk objects like Eris.
Detached objects have also been referred to in the scientific literature as extended scattered disc objects (E-SDO), distant detached objects (DDO), or scattered–extended, as in the formal classification by the Deep Ecliptic Survey. This reflects the dynamical gradation that can exist between the orbital parameters of the scattered disk and the detached population.
At least nine such bodies have been securely identified, of which the largest, most distant, and best known is Sedna. Those with perihelia far beyond the Kuiper cliff are termed sednoids. As of 2023, there are four known sednoids: Sedna, 2012 VP113, Leleākūhonua, and 2021 RR205. These objects exhibit a highly statistically significant asymmetry between the distributions of object pairs with small ascending and descending nodal distances that might be indicative of a response to external perturbations; asymmetries such as this one are sometimes attributed to perturbations induced by unseen planets.
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vignette|redresse=1.5|Image d'artiste (échelle non respectée) illustrant la présence de nombreuses planètes mineures gravitant entre Mars et Jupiter (ceinture principale d'astéroïdes). vignette|redresse=1.5|(433) Éros, astéroïde géocroiseur photographié en 2000 par la sonde NEAR Shoemaker. vignette|redresse=1.5|(4) Vesta, grand astéroïde de la ceinture principale. Image reconstituée informatiquement à partir de plusieurs photographies de la sonde Dawn en 2011-2012. vignette|redresse=1.
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upright=1.5|vignette|Les orbites de six des objets mineurs connus les plus éloignés autour du Soleil, à savoir : les trois sednoïdes (), () et et d'autres transneptuniens extrêmes (), , , et .Leur orientation similaire suggère l'existence d'une planète bien au-delà de Neptune, la « planète Neuf ». La (nom provisoire en l'attente de toute confirmation éventuelle, Planet Nine en anglais), ou , est une planète hypothétique du Système solaire.
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