The Coptic Apocalypse of Paul (Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲁⲡⲟⲕⲁⲗⲩⲯⲓⲥ ⲙ̄ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ) is a Gnostic apocalyptic writing. It is the second of five treatises in Codex V of the Nag Hammadi library texts, taking up pages 17–24 of the codex's 85 pages. The text describes a Gnostic cosmogony and interpretation of Pauline epistles via its portrayal of Paul the Apostle as an apocalyptic hero. The content of the text can be divided into three parts: an epiphany scene, a scene of judgment and punishment, and a heavenly journey in which Paul ultimately ascends to the tenth level of heaven. The basis of the ascent narrative is Paul's own writing in 2 Corinthians 12. The ideas presented in the text are consistent with Valentinianism.
The text was discovered in Nag Hammadi, Egypt in 1945 as one of the 51 total treatises transcribed into the 13 codices that make up the Nag Hammadi library. The codices had been buried around 400 AD. The writing is a Coptic translation of a Greek original. Scholars disagree on the date of authorship of the original Apocalypse of Paul text, ranging from the late-second century to the fourth century.
The first 12 lines of the text are either missing or extensively damaged. There are also gaps at the top and bottom of each page, but some of the text can be reconstructed.
Along with the rest of the works in the Nag Hammadi library, the text was translated into English and published in The Nag Hammadi Library in English in 1977. The publication was part of the work of the Coptic Gnostic Library Project, which began in 1966 at Claremont Graduate University. George W. MacRae and William R. Murdock translated the text to English. Michael Kaler presented an additional English translation in 2008. The text has also been translated into French, German, and Spanish.
Paul asks a little child for directions to Jerusalem. The child requests Paul's name to show him the way. The child knows who Paul is and wants to find an excuse to talk more. The child reveals that Paul is blessed and has been called to Jerusalem to meet his fellow apostles.
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Valentinianism was one of the major Gnostic Christian movements. Founded by Valentinus in the 2nd century AD, its influence spread widely, not just within Rome but also from Northwest Africa to Egypt through to Asia Minor and Syria in the East. Later in the movement's history it broke into an Eastern and a Western school. Disciples of Valentinus continued to be active into the 4th century AD, after the Roman Emperor Theodosius I issued the Edict of Thessalonica (380 AD), which declared Nicene Christianity as the State church of the Roman Empire.
Un ange est une créature surnaturelle dans de nombreuses traditions, notamment dans les trois religions abrahamiques et dans l'Avesta. Ce terme désigne un envoyé de Dieu, c'est-à-dire un intermédiaire entre Dieu et les hommes. Il transmet un message divin ou agit lui-même selon la volonté divine, et chante la gloire de Dieu. L'ange est normalement invisible, mais lorsqu'il se laisse voir, lors d'un rêve ou d'une vision, il a une apparence humaine, transfigurée par une lumière surnaturelle.
La bibliothèque de Nag Hammadi est un ensemble de douze codex de papyrus reliés en cuir, et partie d'un treizième (un traité en huit folios), du milieu du . Retrouvés en Égypte en 1945 sur le site archéologique de à proximité du village de Hamrah Dawm situé à environ cinq kilomètres au nord de la ville de Nag Hammadi au nord-ouest de Louxor par deux paysans égyptiens, ils sont désormais conservés au musée copte du Caire. Ces codex (les plus anciens connus), contiennent une cinquantaine de traités en copte, traductions de textes écrits initialement en grec ancien.