ShérifShérif (sheriff) est une fonction politique et publique (en vigueur au Royaume-Uni, aux États-Unis, au Canada, en Australie, en Irlande et en Inde), de même que la personne chargée de cette fonction. Shérif de la Cité de Londres La fonction de shérif est originaire de l’Angleterre prénormande. Le terme est né d'une contraction des mots anglo-saxons Shire reeve, désignant respectivement : pour le Shire, une circonscription administrative similaire au comté ; pour le reeve, un officier, agent d'un seigneur féodal (très proche du concept du bailli) qui faisait appliquer l’ordre parmi les serfs du domaine.
SummonsA summons (also known in England and Wales as a claim form and in the Australian state of New South Wales as a court attendance notice (CAN)) is a legal document issued by a court (a judicial summons) or by an administrative agency of government (an administrative summons) for various purposes. A judicial summons is served on a person involved in a legal proceeding. Legal action may be in progress against the person, or the person's presence as witness may be required.
Prévôt (forces de l'ordre françaises)Provosts (usually pronounced "provo" in this context) are military police (MP) whose duties are policing solely within the armed forces of a country, as opposed to gendarmerie duties in the civilian population. However, many countries use their gendarmerie for provost duties. As with all official terms, some countries have specific official terminology which differs from the exact linguistic meaning. The head of the military police is commonly referred to as the provost marshal, an ancient title originally given to an officer whose duty was to ensure that an army did no harm to the citizenry.
