Cinéma

Résumé

droite|250 px|vignette|Caméra Debrie Parvo (1927). gauche|150 px|vignette|Amorce de pellicule . vignette|redresse=1.0|Charlie Chaplin et Jackie Coogan dans Le Kid (1921). vignette|redresse=1.0|Sallie Gardner at a Gallop peut être considéré comme l'ancêtre de tous les films, mais le but de son auteur était de suspendre, d'arrêter le mouvement, et non de le reproduire, une conception scientifique et non de divertissement. Le cinéma est un art du spectacle. En français, il est désigné comme le « septième art », d'après l'expression du critique Ricciotto Canudo dans les années 1920. L’art cinématographique se caractérise par le spectacle proposé au public sous la forme d’un film, c’est-à-dire d’un récit (fictionnel ou documentaire), véhiculé par un support (pellicule souple, bande magnétique, contenant numérique) qui est enregistré puis lu par un mécanisme continu ou intermittent qui crée l’illusion d’images en mouvement, ou par l'enregistrement et la lecture continue de données inform

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Publications associées (6)

Publications associées

Chargement

Personnes associées

Chargement

Unités associées

Chargement

Concepts associés (42)

Concepts associés

Chargement

Cours associés (1)

The course covers the fundamental concepts of business law from a practical standpoint, including contracts and company law, intellectual property, competition law and data protection, with a special focus on issues specific to start-up companies.

Cours associés

Chargement

Séances de cours associées (1)

Séances de cours associées

Chargement

A Real-time Multi-camera System with Omnidirectional Image Reconstruction Capability

Hossein Afshari, Luigi Bagnato, Mahdad Hosseini Kamal, Yusuf Leblebici, Vladan Popovic, Alexandre Schmid, Pierre Vandergheynst

A new plenoptic sensor inspired from the visual system of flying insects is introduced. This sensor is referred to as the Panoptic camera. This system has two distinguished features. First, it is an omnidirectional camera capable of recording light information around it. Second, it is a polydioptric system where each CMOS facet has a distinct focal plane; hence the full system is a multiple aperture camera. An FPGA based solution is proposed for real time application deployment. The omnidirectional vision reconstruction algorithm of the Panoptic camera is elaborated and implemented in real time. A built system along with its captured results are presented. Panoptic device is targeted for applications such as depth map estimation, 3D cinematography, ego motion and reconstruction from motion.

2012

Chargement

Since 1895, when the Lumière brothers came out with the projected cinematograph, motion pictures and more generally multimedia contents have considerably improved and are still experiencing a very dynamic development. Advances involved improving various modalities that influence the Human Visual System (HVS) or the human perception. Indeed, migrations concerning audio, resolution, color, brightness, depth representations and frame rate have been performed or are being implemented. A high-quality multimedia content targets at least an acceptable level of consumer¿s satisfaction. It assumes to be a combination of sensory stimuli whose goal is to entertain, to educate or to inform, and can convey an artistic intent. Measuring the end-user satisfaction is a challenge as it is a complex multi-dimensional concept. To understand, measure and predict user satisfaction, researchers focused on the perceived quality of multimedia contents. Quality is the expression of an individual comparison and judgment process. It is based on inherent characteristics of a stimulus. It turns out that network-related impairments, major distortions in content delivery, are not considered when evaluating contents¿ inherent features. The quality measure considering the entire service pipeline (including delivery) is referred to as QoS. A more user-centric quality concept has been created under the consideration that not only technical quality and delivery artifacts influence an experience. Accordingly, QoE represents the user¿s degree of delight or annoyance for an application or service in regards to his prior knowledge, expectations and current state. This work addresses the design of new methodologies for QoE subjective evaluation. The research includes identification, definition and investigation on influence factors of QoE. Possibility to predict QoE using physiological signals gathered during subjective assessment is also considered. This thesis is positioned as a framework for the assessment of emerging technologies. Its main focus is on HDR and Wide Color Gamut (WCG) representations, for these emerging technologies provide faithful and realistic content; immersive technologies, such as 360 imaging and VR gaming; as well as the combination of typical multimedia representations (e.g. Standard Resolution (SD), High Definition (HD) and 4K contents along with no audio, stereo and surround audio). From conducted experiments on HDR and WCG, important recommendations came out for these technologies¿ deployment regarding representation and compression strategies while indicating future directions for QoE assessment. We designed a new subjective methodology for 360¿ HDR contents. It investigates which dimensions should be included in immersive and realistic contents evaluation while considering representation constraints (e.g., no spatial pair comparison possible for 360¿ contents). Expectations and novelty effect evaluations, two emerging-technologies-related aspects that can bias QoE-centric subjective assessment, have been implemented in the context of Virtual Reality (VR) gaming. Finally, attempts to predict the SoP, an important QoE-related notion when analyzing physiological signals (brain activity (Electroencephalography (EEG)), heart activity (Electrocardiography (ECG)) and respiration) have been performed for various multimedia consumption scenarios (in terms of quality, resolution and sound systems as well as typical use cases).

EPFL2019

Chargement

The standard cameras are designed to truthfully mimic the human eye and the visual system. In recent years, commercially available cameras are becoming more complex, and offer higher image resolutions than ever before. However, the quality of conventional imaging methods is limited by several parameters, such as the pixel size, lens system, the diffraction limit, etc. The rapid technological advancements, increase in the available computing power, and introduction of Graphics Processing Units (GPU) and Field-Programmable-Gate-Arrays (FPGA) open new possibilities in the computer vision and computer graphics communities. The researchers are now focusing on utilizing the immense computational power offered on the modern processing platforms, to create imaging systems with novel or significantly enhanced capabilities compared to the standard ones. One popular type of the computational imaging systems offering new possibilities is a multi-camera system. This thesis will focus on FPGA-based multi-camera systems that operate in real-time. The aim of themulti-camera systems presented in this thesis is to offer a wide field-of-view (FOV) video coverage at high frame rates. The wide FOV is achieved by constructing a panoramic image from the images acquired by the multi-camera system. Two new real-time computational imaging systems that provide new functionalities and better performance compared to conventional cameras are presented in this thesis. Each camera system design and implementation are analyzed in detail, built and tested in real-time conditions. Panoptic is a miniaturized low-cost multi-camera system that reconstructs a 360 degrees view in real-time. Since it is an easily portable system, it provides means to capture the complete surrounding light field in dynamic environment, such as when mounted on a vehicle or a flying drone. The second presented system, GigaEye II , is a modular high-resolution imaging system that introduces the concept of distributed image processing in the real-time camera systems. This thesis explains in detail howsuch concept can be efficiently used in real-time computational imaging systems. The purpose of computational imaging systems in the form of multi-camera systems does not end with real-time panoramas. The application scope of these cameras is vast. They can be used in 3D cinematography, for broadcasting live events, or for immersive telepresence experience. The final chapter of this thesis presents three potential applications of these systems: object detection and tracking, high dynamic range (HDR) imaging, and observation of multiple regions of interest. Object detection and tracking, and observation of multiple regions of interest are extremely useful and desired capabilities of surveillance systems, in security and defense industry, or in the fast-growing industry of autonomous vehicles. On the other hand, high dynamic range imaging is becoming a common option in the consumer market cameras, and the presented method allows instantaneous capture of HDR videos. Finally, this thesis concludes with the discussion of the real-time multi-camera systems, their advantages, their limitations, and the future predictions.

EPFL2016

Chargement

EPFL2019

EPFL2016