Confusion | EPFL Graph Search

In medicine, confusion is the quality or state of being bewildered or unclear. The term "acute mental confusion" is often used interchangeably with delirium in the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems and the Medical Subject Headings publications to describe the pathology. These refer to the loss of orientation, or the ability to place oneself correctly in the world by time, location and personal identity. Mental confusion is sometimes accompanied by disordered consciousness (the loss of linear thinking) and memory loss (the inability to correctly recall previous events or learn new material). The word confusion derives from the Latin word, confundo, which means "confuse, mix, blend, pour together, disorder, embroil." Confusion may result from drug side effects or from a relatively sudden brain dysfunction. Acute confusion is often called delirium (or "acute confusional state"), although delirium often includes a much broader array of disorders than simple confusion. These disorders include the inability to focus attention; various impairments in awareness, and temporal or spatial dis-orientation. Mental confusion can result from chronic organic brain pathologies, such as dementia, as well. Acute stress reaction Alcoholism Anemia Anticholinergic toxicity Anxiety Brain damage Brain tumor Concussion Dehydration Encephalopathy Epileptic seizure Depression Fatigue Fever Brain injury Heat stroke Hypoglycemia Hypothermia Hypothyroidism Jet lag Kidney failure Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) Lactic acidosis Lassa fever Lewy body dementia Listeria Lyme disease Meningitis Postpartum depression & Postpartum psychosis Psychotic Disorder Reye's syndrome Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) Schizophrenia Sick building syndrome Sleep apnea Stroke Yellow fever STDs & STIs Streptococcal Infections Toxicity Toxic shock syndrome Transient ischemic attack (TIA, Mini-Stroke) Vitamin B12 deficiency Acute Porphyria West Nile virus The most common causes of drug induced acute confusion are dopaminergic drugs (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease), diuretics, tricyclic, tetracyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines or alcohol.

Multi-sulfonated ligands on gold nanoparticles as virucidal antiviral for Dengue virus

Francesco Stellacci, Quy Ong Khac, Özgün Kocabiyik

Dengue virus (DENV) causes 390 million infections per year. Infections can be asymptomatic or range from mild fever to severe haemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. Currently, no effective antivirals or safe universal vaccine is available. In the present w ...

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