Concept
Prix
Concepts associés (38)
Politique de prix
La politique de prix est un ensemble de décisions et d'actions réalisées pour déterminer la structure et le niveau de la tarification des biens et services proposés aux clients conquis ou à conquérir. C'est l'un des constituants du marketing mix que sont par exemple la politique de produit, la politique de prix, la politique de distribution et la politique de communication. Elle est la traduction concrète, à un niveau subordonné, d'éléments de plus haut niveau que sont la vision et la stratégie générale de l'entreprise ainsi que la politique générale d'entreprise.
Real prices and ideal prices
The distinction between real prices and ideal prices is a distinction between actual prices paid for products, services, assets and labour (the net amount of money that actually changes hands), and computed prices which are not actually charged or paid in market trade, although they may facilitate trade. The difference is between actual prices paid, and information about possible, potential or likely prices, or "average" price levels.
Substitute good
In microeconomics, two goods are substitutes if the products could be used for the same purpose by the consumers. That is, a consumer perceives both goods as similar or comparable, so that having more of one good causes the consumer to desire less of the other good. Contrary to complementary goods and independent goods, substitute goods may replace each other in use due to changing economic conditions. An example of substitute goods is Coca-Cola and Pepsi; the interchangeable aspect of these goods is due to the similarity of the purpose they serve, i.
Theory of value (economics)
A theory of value is any economic theory that attempts to explain the exchange value or price of goods and services. Key questions in economic theory include why goods and services are priced as they are, how the value of goods and services comes about, and—for normative value theories—how to calculate the correct price of goods and services (if such a value exists). A major question that has eluded economists since the earliest of publications was one of price.
Price fixing
Price fixing is an anticompetitive agreement between participants on the same side in a market to buy or sell a product, service, or commodity only at a fixed price, or maintain the market conditions such that the price is maintained at a given level by controlling supply and demand. The intent of price fixing may be to push the price of a product as high as possible, generally leading to profits for all sellers but may also have the goal to fix, peg, discount, or stabilize prices.
Rabais
Un rabais est une réduction commerciale accordée à la facturation ou après facturation (avoir) du fait d'un défaut de qualité, de la non-conformité du produit ou d'un retard de livraison. Afin de conserver un climat de confiance entre le client et le fournisseur lorsqu'il y a constatation d'un défaut de qualité du produit vendu, il peut y avoir réduction de prix après facturation. Par abus de langage le client habitué peut demander cette remise pendant les soldes par exemple.
Unit price
A product's average price is the result of dividing the product's total sales revenue by the total units sold. When one product is sold in variants, such as bottle sizes, managers must define "comparable" units. Average prices can be calculated by weighting different unit selling prices by the percentage of unit sales (mix) for each product variant. If we use a standard, rather than an actual mix of sizes and product varieties, the result is price per statistical unit. Statistical units are also called equivalent units.
Factor price
In economic theory, a factor price is the unit cost of using a factor of production, such as labor or physical capital. There has been much debate as to what determines factor prices. Classical and Marxist economists argue that factor prices decided the value of a product and therefore the value is intrinsic within the product. For this reason, the term natural price is often used instead. Marginalist economists argue that the factor price is a function of the demand for the final product, and so they are imputed from the finished product.
Socially necessary labour time
Socially necessary labour time in Marx's critique of political economy is what regulates the exchange value of commodities in trade and consequently constrains producers in their attempt to economise on labour. It does not 'guide' them, as it can only be determined after the event and is thus inaccessible to forward planning. Unlike individual labour hours in the classical labour theory of value formulated by Adam Smith and David Ricardo, Marx's exchange value is conceived as a proportion (or 'aliquot part') of society's labour-time.
Valeur de marché
En général, en économie, l’expression « valeur de marché » indique la contrevaleur (d’habitude exprimée en termes monétaires) d’un bien dans le cadre de la vente du même bien dans un marché liquide et entre parties bien informées. Par conséquent, la valeur de marché est déterminée tout d’abord par la valeur matérielle du bien lui-même, corrigée par d’autres facteurs, comme la loi de la demande et de l’offre. Elle est ensuite définie également par la volonté de l’acheteur d’acquérir et par la volonté du propriétaire du bien de vendre.