Hybrid securities are a broad group of securities that combine the characteristics of the two broader groups of securities, debt and equity.
Hybrid securities pay a predictable (either fixed or floating) rate of return or dividend until a certain date, at which point the holder has a number of options, including converting the securities into the underlying share.
Therefore, unlike with a share of stock (equity), the holder enjoys a predetermined (rather than residual) cash flow, and, unlike with a fixed interest security (debt), the holder enjoys an option to convert the security to the underlying equity. Other common examples include convertible and converting preference shares.
A hybrid security is structured differently than fixed-interest securities. While the price of some securities behaves more like that of fixed-interest securities, others behave more like the underlying shares into which they may convert.
A convertible bond is a bond (i.e. a loan to the issuer) that can be converted into common shares of the issuer. A convertible bond can be valued as a combination of a straight bond and an option to purchase the company's stock.
A redeemable, or callable, preferred stock confers the issuer to repurchase the stock at a preset price after a specified date, converting it to treasury stock. Therefore, if interest rates decline, the company has the flexibility to redeem the stock and subsequently re-issue it at a lower rate, reducing its cost of capital.
A PIK loan may carry a detachable warrant (the right to purchase a certain number of shares of stock or bonds at a given price for a certain period of time) – the loan is the debt (Bond), while the warrant is the equity
Returns: Predictable dividend, often franked therefore possible tax advantage to the holder
Capital price:
Price moves in line with share price (fixed conversion terms e.g. 1 hybrid convert to 1 share)
Bond like, price does not move in line with share price (variable conversion terms, face value (usually 100)convertto100 worth of shares).
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Une obligation d'entreprise est une obligation émise par une société privée dans le but d'obtenir un financement pour une raison ou une autre. En général les obligations d'entreprise offrent un rendement plus élevé que les obligations d'État. Le terme est parfois utilisé pour inclure toutes les obligations à l'exception de celles émises par les gouvernements dans leurs propres monnaies et inclurait donc les gouvernements qui émettent dans d'autres monnaies (comme le Mexique qui émet en dollars américains).
vignette|La banque Monte dei Paschi di Siena, plus vieille banque du monde. Une banque est une institution financière qui fournit des services bancaires, soit notamment de dépôt, de crédit et paiement. Le terme de banque peut désigner de façon générale le secteur bancaire. Les banques jouent un rôle essentiel dans la stabilité et le fonctionnement du système financier, et sont en général soumises à une importante surveillance prudentielle de la part de l'État.
Stock (also capital stock, or sometimes interchangeably, shares) consist of all the shares by which ownership of a corporation or company is divided. A single share of the stock means fractional ownership of the corporation in proportion to the total number of shares. This typically entitles the shareholder (stockholder) to that fraction of the company's earnings, proceeds from liquidation of assets (after discharge of all senior claims such as secured and unsecured debt), or voting power, often dividing these up in proportion to the amount of money each stockholder has invested.
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