Onzième (musique)vignette|Onzième Do-Fa. En théorie musicale, une onzième (parfois abrégée « ») est un intervalle constitué d'une quarte augmentée d'une octave, soit un intervalle de 8 tons et demi. Il s'agit d'un intervalle redoublé. De même que la quarte, la onzième peut être altérée et devenir diminuée ou augmentée. La onzième intervient dans les accords de onzième.
Accord suspenduA suspended chord (or sus chord) is a musical chord in which the (major or minor) third is omitted and replaced with a perfect fourth or a major second. The lack of a minor or a major third in the chord creates an open sound, while the dissonance between the fourth and fifth or second and root creates tension. When using popular-music symbols, they are indicated by the symbols "sus4" and "sus2". For example, the suspended fourth and second chords built on C (C–E–G), written as Csus4 and Csus2, have pitches C–F–G and C–D–G, respectively.
Transposition (musique)La transposition d'un morceau de musique consiste à décaler toutes ses notes d'un intervalle fixe vers l'aigu ou le grave. La transposition peut s'effectuer soit à l'écriture de la partition soit au moment de l'interprétation. Certains instruments dits « transpositeurs » émettent des notes différentes des notes écrites. Sur certains instruments à clavier, comme le clavecin ou l'harmonium, le déplacement latéral du clavier permet de modifier la hauteur des sons émis sans avoir à les réaccorder.
Fifth (chord)In music, the fifth factor of a chord is the note or pitch that is the fifth scale degree, counting the root or tonal center. When the fifth is the bass note, or lowest note, of the expressed chord, the chord is in second inversion . Conventionally, the fifth is second in importance to the root, with the fifth being perfect in all primary triads (I, IV, V and i, iv, v). In jazz chords and theory however, the fifth is often omitted, or assumed, in preference for the chord quality determining third and chord extensions and additions.
Dyad (music)In music, a dyad (less commonly, diad) is a set of two notes or pitches that, in particular contexts, may imply a chord. Dyads can be classified by the interval between the notes. For example, the interval between C and E is a major third, which can imply a C major chord, made up of the notes C, E and G. When the pitches of a dyad occur in succession, they form a melodic interval. When they occur simultaneously, they form a harmonic interval. The harmonic series is built over a fundamental pitch, and the rest of the partials in the series are called overtones.
Minor seventh chordIn music, a minor seventh chord is a seventh chord composed of a root note, together with a minor third, a perfect fifth, and a minor seventh (1, 3, 5, 7). For example, the minor seventh chord built on C, commonly written as C–7, has pitches C–E–G–B: { \new Staff \with{ \magnifyStaff #1.5 } \relative c' { \override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f 1 } } A seventh chord with a minor third, perfect fifth, and minor seventh is commonly called a minor seventh chord, but also sometimes a minor/minor seventh chord to distinguish it from the minor/major seventh chord discussed below.
Augmented sixthIn music, an augmented sixth () is an interval produced by widening a major sixth by a chromatic semitone. For instance, the interval from C to A is a major sixth, nine semitones wide, and both the intervals from C to A, and from C to A are augmented sixths, spanning ten semitones. Being augmented, it is considered a dissonant interval. Its inversion is the diminished third, and its enharmonic equivalent is the minor seventh. In septimal meantone temperament, it is specifically equivalent to the harmonic seventh (a just interval of 7:4).
Steps and skipsIn music, a step, or conjunct motion, is the difference in pitch between two consecutive notes of a musical scale. In other words, it is the interval between two consecutive scale degrees. Any larger interval is called a skip (also called a leap), or disjunct motion. In the diatonic scale, a step is either a minor second (sometimes also called half step) or a major second (sometimes also called whole step), with all intervals of a minor third or larger being skips.
Motif (musique)Un motif est une phrase musicale ou un fragment complet, identifiable et contribuant à la structure, par exemple en se répétant de façon régulière et continue au sein d'une œuvre. En musique classique, Bruckner (motif au violon : Symphonie , , mesure 206), Sibelius (Symphonie , , lettre K - Doppio più lento), Stravinsky (Symphonie en ut, , 2 mesures avant le repère #15), ... ont fait usage de motifs. Terry Riley a composé une œuvre exclusivement basée sur l'usage de motifs. Il s'agit de In C.
Primary triadIn music, a primary triad is one of the three triads, or three-note chords built from major or minor thirds, most important in tonal and diatonic music, as opposed to an auxiliary triad or secondary triad. Each triad found in a diatonic key corresponds to a particular diatonic function. Functional harmony tends to rely heavily on the primary triads: triads built on the tonic, subdominant, and dominant degrees. The roots of these triads begin on the first, fourth, and fifth degrees (respectively) of the diatonic scale, otherwise symbolized: I, IV, and V (again, respectively).
