Médecin | EPFL Graph Search

Un est un professionnel de la santé titulaire d'un diplôme de docteur en médecine ou, en France d'un diplôme d'État de docteur en médecine. Il soigne selon ses spécialisations les maladies, pathologies et blessures de l'être humain. Il travaille généralement au sein d'une équipe de professionnels de la santé comme la sage-femme, le psychologue, le diététicien, le pharmacien, le physicien médical, l'infirmier ou le chirurgien-dentiste. L'approche ethnologique référence différentes sortes de médecins (ethno-médecine) à travers le monde, au sens étymologique, avec des rituels validant parfois la formation. Étymologie Du latin medicus (« médecin » ou « apte à guérir » ; « qui soigne, guérit »). Types de médecins Chirurgien 160px|alt=Le chirurgien est amené à faire des opérations dans cette salle. On y trouve tout ce dont il a besoin.|vignette|Un bloc opératoire. Un chirurgien est médecin spécialisé dans les interventions chirurgicales, c'est-à-dire au

Haptic/VR Assessment Tool for Fine Motor Control

Hannes Bleuler, Christophe Emery, Roger Gassert, Olivier Lambercy, Evren Samur

The Nine Hole Peg Test (NHPT) is routinely used in clinical environments to evaluate a patient’s fine hand control. A physician measures the total time required to insert nine pegs into nine holes and obtains information on the dexterity of the patient. Even though this method is simple and known to be reliable, using a virtual environment with haptic feedback instead of the classical device could give a more complete diagnosis which would isolate different constituting components of a pathology and objectively assess motor ability. Haptic devices enable extracting a large quantity of information by recording the position and the exerted forces at high frequency (1kHz). In addition to the creation of a realistic virtual counterpart of the NHPT, the present work also includes the implementation of real-time data analysis in order to extract meaningful and objective scores for the physician and the patient. A healthy group of volunteers performed the real and virtual tests which yielded a baseline for the scores of the different measured mobility parameters. Once calibrated, the virtual test successfully discriminates different mobility dysfunctions simulated by a healthy subject.

Springer Berlin / Heidelberg2010

Design and Evaluation of a Novel Haptic Interface for Endoscopic Simulation

Hannes Bleuler, Lionel Flaction, Evren Samur

Inspection of the colon with an endoscope for early signs of cancer (colonoscopy) has become an extremely widespread procedure, since early treatment radically improves the outlook of patients. The procedure requires a close coordination between the sense of touch and vision to navigate the endoscope along the colon. This raises the need to develop efficient training methods for physicians. Training simulators based on virtual reality, where realistic graphics are combined with a mechatronic system providing haptic feedback, are alternative to traditional training methods. To provide physicians with realistic haptic sensations of an endoscopic procedure, we have designed a haptic interface, instrumented a clinical endoscope and combined them with a simulation software for colonoscopy. In this contribution, we present the mechatronic components of the simulator. The haptic interface is able to generate high forces using the combination of electrical motors and brakes in a compact design. Experiments were performed to determine the characteristics of the device. A model-based control has been implemented and the results show that the control successfully compensates for the device nonlinearities, such as friction. The proposed haptic interface, together with the virtual reality, form a highly realistic training simulator for endoscopic surgeons, applicable not only to colonoscopy, but also to similar interventions.

Ieee Computer Soc2011

Integration of Wearable Sensors Into the Evaluation of Running Economy and Foot Mechanics in Elite Runners

Mathieu Pascal Falbriard, Benoît Mariani

Running economy, known as the steady-state oxygen consumption at a given submaximal intensity, has been proposed as one of the key factors differentiating East African runners from other running communities around the world. Kenyan runners have dominated middle- and long-distance running events and this phenomenon has been attributed, in part at least, to their exceptional running economy. Despite such speculation, there are no data on running mechanics during real-life situations such as during training or competition. The use of innovative wearable devices together with real-time analysis of data will represent a paradigm shift in the study of running biomechanics and could potentially help explain the outstanding performances of certain athletes. For example, the integration of foot worn inertial sensors into the training and racing of athletes will enable coaches and researchers to investigate foot mechanics (e.g., an accurate set of variables such as pitch and eversion angles, cadence, symmetry, contact and flight times or swing times) during real-life activities and facilitate feedback in real-time. The same technological approach also can be used to help the athlete, coach, sports physician, and sport scientist make better informed decisions in terms of performance and efficacy of interventions, treatments or injury prevention; a kind of "telesport" equivalent to "telemedicine." There also is the opportunity to use this real-time technology to advance broadcasting of sporting events with the transmission of real-time performance metrics and in doing so enhance the level of entertainment, interest, and engagement of enthusiasts in the broadcast and the sport. Such technological advances that are able to unobtrusively augment personal experience and interaction, represent an unprecedented opportunity to transform the world of sport for participants, spectators, and all relevant stakeholders.

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS2018

Integration of Wearable Sensors Into the Evaluation of Running Economy and Foot Mechanics in Elite Runners

Mathieu Pascal Falbriard, Benoît Mariani

LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS2018