Fish disease and parasites

Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites. Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. If pathogens breach these defences, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens. Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for commercial food fishes like Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis in salmon and Lactococcosis\Streptococcosis in farmed grey mullet, Tilapia and koi herpes virus in koi. Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ICH, and whirling disease. Parasites in fish are a common natural occurrence. Parasites can provide information about host population ecology. In fisheries biology, for example, parasite communities can be used to distinguish distinct populations of the same fish species co-inhabiting a region. Additionally, parasites possess a variety of specialized traits and life-history strategies that enable them to colonize hosts. Understanding these aspects of parasite ecology, of interest in their own right, can illuminate parasite-avoidance strategies employed by hosts. Usually parasites (and pathogens) need to avoid killing their hosts, since extinct hosts can mean extinct parasites. Evolutionary constraints may operate so parasites avoid killing their hosts, or the natural variability in host defensive strategies may suffice to keep host populations viable. Parasite infections can impair the courtship dance of male threespine sticklebacks. When that happens, the females reject them, suggesting a strong mechanism for the selection of parasite resistance.

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Concepts associés (16)

Séances de cours associées (8)

Fish disease and parasites

Caligidae

Les Caligidae sont une famille de crustacés copépodes de l'ordre des Siphonostomatoida. Abasia C. B. Wilson, 1908 Alanlewisia Boxshall, 2008 Alebion Krøyer, 1863 Alicaligus Shiino, 1955 Anchicaligus Stebbing, 1900 Anuretes Heller, 1865 Arrama Dojiri & Cressey, 1991 Avitocaligus Boxshall & Justine, 2005 Belizia Cressey, 1990 Caligodes Heller, 1865 Caligus O. F. Müller, 1785 Calistes Dana, 1852 Caritus Cressey, 1967 Cresseyella Bezdek & Cressey, 2004 Dartevellia Brian, 1939 Diphyllogaster Brian, 1899 Echetus Kroyer, 1863 Euryphorus H.

Fish kill

The term fish kill, known also as fish die-off, refers to a localized die-off of fish populations which may also be associated with more generalized mortality of aquatic life. The most common cause is reduced oxygen in the water, which in turn may be due to factors such as drought, algae bloom, overpopulation, or a sustained increase in water temperature. Infectious diseases and parasites can also lead to fish kill. Toxicity is a real but far less common cause of fish kill.

Répercussions de l’hydroélectricité sur les voies navigables : éco-morphologie et mesures correctives

Explore les impacts de l’hydroélectricité sur les cours d’eau, en mettant l’accent sur le déclin des populations de poissons et les mesures correctives.

Écologie des habitats aquatiques et des poissons : interactions et dynamiques

Explore l'écologie des habitats aquatiques, les interactions des poissons, la dynamique et l'impact humain sur les écosystèmes fluviaux.

Hydrologie du Rhône à la Porte du Scex

Explore l'hydrologie du Rhône à la Porte du Scex, en discutant des débits, des populations de poissons et des impacts écologiques.