Tau neutrino

Résumé

The tau neutrino or tauon neutrino is an elementary particle which has the symbol Tauon neutrino and zero electric charge. Together with the tau (τ), it forms the third generation of leptons, hence the name tau neutrino. Its existence was immediately implied after the tau particle was detected in a series of experiments between 1974 and 1977 by Martin Lewis Perl with his colleagues at the SLAC–LBL group. The discovery of the tau neutrino was announced in July 2000 by the DONUT collaboration (Direct Observation of the Nu Tau). Discovery DONUT The DONUT experiment from Fermilab was built during the 1990s to specifically detect the tau neutrino. These efforts came to fruition in July 2000, when the DONUT collaboration reported its detection. The tau neutrino is last of the leptons, and is the second most recent discovered particle of the Standard Model (i.e., it was observed 12 years before the discovery of the Higgs

Source officielle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tau_neutrino

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Cours associés (3)

Presentation of particle properties, their symmetries and interactions. Introduction to quantum electrodynamics and to the Feynman rules.

This course presents the physical principles and the recent research developments on three topics of particle and nuclear physics: the physics of neutrinos, dark matter, and plasmas of quarks and gluons. An emphasis is given on experimental aspects in these three research fields.

Presentation of the electroweak and strong interaction theories that constitute the Standard Model of particle physics. The course also discusses the new theories proposed to solve the problems of the Standard Model.

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Self-interacting neutrinos: Solution to Hubble tension versus experimental constraints

Emmanuel Stamou

Exotic self-interactions among the Standard Model neutrinos have been proposed as a potential reason behind the tension in the expansion rate, H-0, of the universe inferred from different observations. We constrain this proposal using electroweak precision observables, rare meson decays, and neutrinoless double-beta decay. In contrast to previous works, we emphasize the importance of carrying out this study in a framework with full Standard Model gauge invariance. We implement this first by working with a relevant set of Standard Model effective field theory operators and subsequently by considering a UV completion in the inverse seesaw model. We find that the scenario in which all flavors of neutrinos self-interact universally is strongly constrained, disfavoring a potential solution to the H-0 problem in this case. The scenario with self-interactions only among tau neutrinos is the least constrained and can potentially be consistent with a solution to the H-0 problem.

AMER PHYSICAL SOC2021

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The bearable compositeness of leptons

Luca Vecchi

Partial compositeness as a theory of flavor in the lepton sector is assessed. We begin presenting the first systematic analysis of neutrino mass generation in this context, and identifying the distinctive mass textures. We then update the bounds from charged lepton flavor and CP violating observables. We put forward a U(1)(3) x CP symmetry of the composite sector, in order to allow the new physics to be not far above the TeV scale. This hypothesis effectively suppresses the new contributions to the electron EDM and it mu -> e gamma by far the most constraining observables, and results in a novel pattern of flavor violation and neutrino masses. The CP violation in the elementary-composite mixing is shown to induce a CKM phase of the correct size, as well as order-one phases in the PMNS matrix. We compare with the alternative possibility of introducing multiple scales of compositeness for leptons, that also allow to evade flavor and CP constraints. Finally, we examine violations of lepton flavor universality in B-meson semi-leptonic decays. The neutral-current anomalies can be accommodated, predicting strong correlations among different lepton flavors, with a few channels close to the experimental sensitivity.

SPRINGER2018

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This paper describes the physics case for a new fixed target facility at CERN SPS. The SHiP (search for hidden particles) experiment is intended to hunt for new physics in the largely unexplored domain of very weakly interacting particles with masses below the Fermi scale, inaccessible to the LHC experiments, and to study tau neutrino physics. The same proton beam setup can be used later to look for decays of tau-leptons with lepton flavour number non-conservation, tau -> 3 mu and to search for weakly-interacting sub-GeV dark matter candidates. We discuss the evidence for physics beyond the standard model and describe interactions between new particles and four different portals-scalars, vectors, fermions or axion-like particles. We discuss motivations for different models, manifesting themselves via these interactions, and how they can be probed with the SHiP experiment and present several case studies. The prospects to search for relatively light SUSY and composite particles at SHiP are also discussed. We demonstrate that the SHiP experiment has a unique potential to discover new physics and can directly probe a number of solutions of beyond the standard model puzzles, such as neutrino masses, baryon asymmetry of the Universe, dark matter, and inflation.

Institute of Physics2016

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