Concept
Craft
Concepts associés (18)
Artisan
An artisan (from artisan, artigiano) is a skilled craft worker who makes or creates material objects partly or entirely by hand. These objects may be functional or strictly decorative, for example furniture, decorative art, sculpture, clothing, food items, household items and tools and mechanisms such as the handmade clockwork movement of a watchmaker. Artisans practice a craft and may through experience and aptitude reach the expressive levels of an artist.
Maître de guilde
Historically, a master craftsman or master tradesman (sometimes called only master or grandmaster) was a member of a guild. The title survives as the highest professional qualification in craft industries. In the European guild system, only masters and journeymen were allowed to be members of the guild. An aspiring master would have to pass through the career chain from apprentice to journeyman before he could be elected to become a master craftsman. He would then have to produce a sum of money and a masterpiece before he could actually join the guild.
Tradesperson
A tradesperson is a skilled worker that specializes in a particular trade. Tradespeople usually gain their skills through work experience, on-the-job training, an apprenticeship program or formal education. As opposed to a craftsperson or an artisan, a tradesperson is not necessarily restricted to manual work. In Victorian England: The terms "skilled worker," "craftsman," "artisan," and "tradesman" were used in senses that overlap. All describe people with specialized training in the skills needed for a particular kind of work.
Arts décoratifs
vignette|Bureau à cylindre du roi de France Louis XV, commencé par Jean-François Oeben et achevé par Jean-Henri Riesener. Les arts décoratifs sont pratiqués par les métiers d'art traditionnellement définis par leurs productions ornementales et fonctionnelles, par les techniques utilisées et par les matériaux auxquels ils donnent forme : la céramique, le bois, le verre, le métal, le textile, le stuc ou la pierre, voire la pierre précieuse. Les arts décoratifs sont souvent opposés aux beaux-arts (c'est-à-dire l'architecture, la peinture, le dessin, la photographie, la sculpture.
Metalworking
Metalworking is the process of shaping and reshaping metals to create useful objects, parts, assemblies, and large scale structures. As a term it covers a wide and diverse range of processes, skills, and tools for producing objects on every scale: from huge ships, buildings, and bridges down to precise engine parts and delicate jewelry. The historical roots of metalworking predate recorded history; its use spans cultures, civilizations and millennia.
Profession
La profession, du latin professio, onis traduit comme la « déclaration, déclaration publique, action de se donner comme », est l'activité exercée par une personne dans un domaine. Cette activité procure un salaire, une rémunération, des revenus à celui qui l'exerce. Il constitue également un rôle social au sein de la société. Par extension, la profession est inhérente à un secteur d'activité particulier. On parle ainsi de profession juridique, politique, médicale et de magistrature.
Architecture
vignette|upright=1.2|La cathédrale Saint-Pierre de Beauvais, , toute en pierre de taille, est l’exemple le plus aérien et dématérialisé de l'architecture gothique qui atteint là ses limites techniques. vignette|upright=1.2|La coupole du Panthéon, construit dans l'Antiquité romaine au début du , est restée de loin la plus large coupole du monde durant de nombreux siècles. Elle ne sera égalée qu'au par le dôme de la cathédrale de Florence qui marque de ce fait le début de la Renaissance, pour n'être dépassée qu'à partir du par les dômes contemporains.
Journeyman
A journeyman is a worker, skilled in a given building trade or craft, who has successfully completed an official apprenticeship qualification. Journeymen are considered competent and authorized to work in that field as a fully qualified employee. They earn their license by education, supervised experience and examination. Although journeymen have completed a trade certificate and are allowed to work as employees, they may not yet work as self-employed master craftsmen. The term "journeyman" was originally used in the medieval trade guilds.
Craft production
Craft production is manufacturing by hand, with or without the aid of tools. The term "craft production" describes manufacturing techniques that are used in handicraft trades. These were the common methods of manufacture in the pre-industrialized world. The craft manufacturing process results in a unique final product. While the product may be of extremely high quality, the uniqueness can be detrimental as seen in the case of early automobiles. Womack, Jones and Roos in the book The Machine That Changed the World detailed that early automobiles were craft produced.
Professional
A professional is a member of a profession or any person who works in a specified professional activity. The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. In addition, most professionals are subject to strict codes of conduct, enshrining rigorous ethical and moral obligations.