ThermostabilitéL'adjectif thermostable désigne ce qui est stable à haute température. Il s'emploie pour désigner un matériau ou une molécule qui ne se dégrade pas à une température alors qu'à cette même température, les matériaux ou molécules similaires sont dénaturés ou détruits (ils sont thermolabiles). Les polymères se dégradent en général à des températures relativement basses. On peut rarement utiliser un polymère au-delà de . Il existe cependant des polymères qui restent stables à des températures relativement élevées.
Packaging and labelingPackaging is the science, art and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and personal use.
MoulageLe moulage est l'action de prendre une empreinte qui servira ensuite de moule dans lequel sera placé un matériau et qui permettra le tirage ou la production en plusieurs exemplaires d'un modèle. Le tirage consiste donc à placer un matériau (liquide, pâte, poudre, feuille, plaque, paraison, préforme, pastille, etc.) dans un moule dont il prendra la forme. Un moulage réussi demande beaucoup de réflexion et de goût. Avant toute opération, il faut étudier minutieusement les formes, en sentir les moindres détails.
Biodegradable plasticBiodegradable plastics are plastics that can be decomposed by the action of living organisms, usually microbes, into water, carbon dioxide, and biomass. Biodegradable plastics are commonly produced with renewable raw materials, micro-organisms, petrochemicals, or combinations of all three. While the words "bioplastic" and "biodegradable plastic" are similar, they are not synonymous. Not all bioplastics (plastics derived partly or entirely from biomass) are biodegradable, and some biodegradable plastics are fully petroleum based.
Plastic lumberPlastic lumber is a plastic form of lumber made of virgin or recycled plastic. It is mostly made of plastic and binders such as fiberglass or rebar; not to be confused with wood-plastic composite lumber. Widely employed in outdoor decking, it is also used for molding and trim and garden furniture such as park benches. Resistant to cracking and splitting when appropriately installed, plastic lumber can be molded with or without simulated wood grain details.
Curing (chemistry)Curing is a chemical process employed in polymer chemistry and process engineering that produces the toughening or hardening of a polymer material by cross-linking of polymer chains. Even if it is strongly associated with the production of thermosetting polymers, the term "curing" can be used for all the processes where a solid product is obtained from a liquid solution, such as with PVC plastisols. During the curing process, single monomers and oligomers, mixed with or without a curing agent, react to form a tridimensional polymeric network.
SiliconeLes silicones, ou polysiloxanes, sont des composés inorganiques formés d'une chaîne silicium-oxygène (-Si-O-Si-O-Si-O-) dans laquelle des groupes se fixent sur les atomes de silicium. Certains groupes organiques peuvent être utilisés pour relier plusieurs de ces chaînes. Le type le plus courant est le polydiméthylsiloxane linéaire (PDMS). Le second groupe en importance de matériaux en silicone est celui des résines silicone, formées par des oligosiloxanes ramifiés ou en forme de cage. Le mot silicone est épicène.
Code d'identification des résinesLe système de codage SPI d'identification des résines est un code développé en 1988 par la Society of the Plastics Industry (en français : Société de l'industrie plastique) dans le but de faciliter le tri des déchets suivi de la valorisation des déchets en matière plastique, en particulier le recyclage des bouteilles et autres contenants en plastique. Ce système de codage est codifié par la norme ASTM D7611 / D7611M.
Converters (industry)Converting companies are companies that specialize in modifying or combining raw materials such as polyesters, adhesives, silicone, adhesive tapes, foams, plastics, felts, rubbers, liners and metals, as well as other materials, to create new products. Materials such as paper, plastic film, foil and cloth often are produced in long, continuous sheets that are rolled up for more convenient handling and transportation. These rolls of material vary significantly in size and weight — ranging from wide and weighing as much as several tons.
Ultrasonic weldingUltrasonic welding is an industrial process whereby high-frequency ultrasonic acoustic vibrations are locally applied to work pieces being held together under pressure to create a solid-state weld. It is commonly used for plastics and metals, and especially for joining dissimilar materials. In ultrasonic welding, there are no connective bolts, nails, soldering materials, or adhesives necessary to bind the materials together.
