Royal Engineers

Résumé

Le Corps of Royal Engineers (« Corps du génie royal »), généralement appelé Royal Engineers (« génie royal »), et dont les membres sont appelés « sapeurs » (sappers en anglais), est une des armes d'appui de la British Army. Celui-ci s'occupe du génie de combat : génie militaire, ingénierie et aides techniques diverses aux forces armées britanniques. Le quartier général des régiments de l'ingénierie militaire est situé à Chatham, dans le Kent, en Angleterre. Le corps est divisé en plusieurs régiments, dispersés au Royaume-Uni et en Allemagne. Histoire Le génie royal trouve ses origines à l'époque des premiers officiers du génie militaire de Guillaume le Conquérant. Ils sont, depuis plus de 900 ans, toujours restés au service de la couronne. Le corps, tel qu'il est maintenant connu a été fondé par le Board of Ordnance, ancienne organisation gouvernementale du gérant l'armement de l'armée anglaise. En 1717, the Board of Ordnance a établi un corps du génie, constitué entièr

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Engineers

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Publications associées (13)

A systematic approach to estimating traffic load effects on bridges using weigh-in-motion data

Manfred Hirt, Alain Nussbaumer

In contrast to the Swiss load model used for new bridge structures (SIA 261), which has roots in a Europe-wide weigh-in-motion (WIM) study and considers the full design life of new structures, the model for existing structures (SIA 269) from 2005 is derived from load effects produced by traffic measured by country-specific WIM observations and considers a reduced return period. With growing concerns regarding the scarcity of resources, efforts should be made to ensure safety by increasing the knowledge of loads and load-carrying mechanisms, rather than through overdesign. This paper presents the methodology employed to use WIM data for generating maximum expected load effects on bridges and thus give engineers a tool with which bridge load effects can be accurately derived from real traffic. A re-evaluation using the methodology outlined here began this year. It is planned to use the results of this for the next revision of the Swiss National Annexes to the Eurocodes and SIA 269.

ERNST & SOHN2020

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Effect of building overtopping on induced loads during extreme hydrodynamic events

Ioan Nistor, Michael Pfister, Anton Schleiss, Davide Wüthrich

Tsunamis, impulse-waves and dam-break waves have affected humanity in recent decades and the construction of vertical shelters can provide safety to people. However, for non-critical infrastructures, typically residential houses of lower height, overtopping is accepted during such events. This study experimentally quantifies the effect of building overtopping, i.e. water flowing over the roof, on the resulting loading process. Both surges and bores were investigated and the impact against buildings with two different heights was assessed. Detailed measurements of forces and moments allowed key differences to be captured between the scenarios with and without overtopping. Results showed that overtopping induced higher downstream water depths, leading to lower horizontal forces and a reduced resistance coefficient. Furthermore, cantilever arm, moment and impulse values were constantly lower in case of overtopping. Finally, this study presents an innovative methodology to assess the main loading features of buildings subject to overtopping, supporting engineers to design safer resilient structures.

2019

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Nowadays, the global increase of energy demand and the necessity to satisfy high safety standards have led engineers and scientists to focus their efforts in order to understand and describe fundamental phenomena that are crucial for a correct design of the new generation nuclear power plants. In this framework, the present thesis aims at providing a first insight of the mechanisms of deposition of aerosol particles inside a closed geometry where relatively strong currents are present due to turbulent natural convective flows. Direct Numerical Simulations were conducted coupling high-order pseudo-spectral code with a Lagrangian particle tracker. Laminar flows were computed in two and three dimensions in order to benchmark the code with published reference data. A parametric study was performed for three different aerosol micro-size particle diameters and two super-critical Rayleigh numbers in a square cavity. An extended analysis of the turbulent flows is provided in terms of first and second order statistics, time-averaged momentum and energy budgets, and moreover, important terms appearing in the transport equations of turbulent kinetic energy and temperature variance are also briefly discussed. Furthermore, the evolution in time of particle concentration for the three different diameters is considered. The text provides information about the deposition velocity, the deposition patterns on the cavity surfaces, the influence of lift and thermophoretic forces and the fractal dimension. The same size dependent parametric study for the three different sets of micro-size particles was carried out in a fully three-dimensional closed cubic cavity for one super-critical Rayleigh number. A detailed investigation of the turbulence was performed by means of statistical quantities, signal processing and conditional averaging, in order to get a general view of the complexity of the flow and its characteristics. Further on, the sedimentation process is studied in the same way as for the two dimensional case. Finally a simple theoretical deposition model is provided in order to interpret the numerical results for the aerosol phase.

EPFL2010

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EPFL2010